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EES 3.4 Leia Durand
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Heat absorption | The process of taking in heat energy. |
| Heat retention | The ability to hold or keep heat over time. |
| Solar radiation | Energy emitted from the Sun in the form of light and heat. |
| Thermal energy | The energy related to the temperature of an object or substance. |
| Climate impact | The effect something has on long-term weather conditions. |
| Weather patterns | Usual or repeated weather conditions in an area. |
| Land cover | The physical material on Earth’s surface (grass, water, cities, ice, etc.). |
| Oxygen (O₂) | A gas in the atmosphere essential for most living organisms to breathe. |
| Nitrogen (N₂) | The most abundant gas in Earth’s atmosphere. |
| Greenhouse gases | Gases that trap heat in Earth’s atmosphere. |
| Albedo effect | The amount of sunlight a surface reflects. |
| Land vs water | Land heats and cools faster than water. |
| Urban heat island | A city area that is warmer than nearby rural areas. |
| Surface | The outermost layer of Earth. |
| Troposphere | The lowest layer of Earth’s atmosphere where weather occurs. |
| Uneven heating | When Earth’s surface warms at different rates in different places. |
| Atmosphere | The layer of gases surrounding Earth. |
| Energy in | Solar energy entering Earth’s system. |
| Energy out | Heat energy leaving Earth and going back into space. |
| Sun | The star that provides Earth with light and heat energy. |
| Reflects | Bounces energy (like sunlight) off a surface. |
| Absorbs | Takes in energy instead of reflecting it. |
| Circulation | The movement of air or water that distributes heat. |
| Ice core | A cylindrical sample drilled from ice sheets used to study past climates. |
| Geologic sample | Rock or sediment collected to study Earth’s history. |
| Water vapor (H₂O) | A gaseous form of water and a greenhouse gas. |
| Carbon dioxide (CO₂) | A greenhouse gas released by respiration and burning fossil fuels. |
| Methane (CH₄) | A powerful greenhouse gas from agriculture and fossil fuels. |
| Nitrous oxide (N₂O) | A greenhouse gas from fertilizers and combustion. |
| Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) | Man-made gases once used in refrigeration; greenhouse gases. |
| Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) | Man-made greenhouse gases used in cooling systems. |
| Ozone (O₃) | A gas that protects Earth from harmful UV radiation (in the stratosphere) but can be harmful near the surface. |
| Earth | The planet we live on; the third planet from the Sun that supports life with land, water, and an atmosphere. |
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