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Elliana H. EES 3.4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Heat absorption | The process of taking in heat energy. |
| Heat retention | The ability to hold or trap heat over time |
| Solar radiation | Energy from the sun that travels through space as light and heat. |
| Thermal energy | Heat energy created by the movement of particles in matter |
| Climate impact | The long-term effects that changes have on Earth’s climate. |
| Weather patterns | Repeated or typical weather conditions in an area over time. |
| Land cover | The material covering Earth’s surface (forests, water, ice, cities, etc.). |
| Oxygen (O₂) | A gas in the atmosphere that living organisms use for respiration. |
| Nitrogen (N₂) | The most abundant gas in Earth’s atmosphere (about 78%). |
| Greenhouse gases | Gases that trap heat in Earth’s atmosphere and warm the planet. |
| albedo effect | The measure of how much sunlight a surface reflects. |
| Land vs. water | Land heats and cools faster than water; water changes temperature more slowly. |
| urban heat island | A city area that is warmer than nearby rural areas. |
| Surface | The outermost layer of Earth (land or water). |
| Troposphere | The lowest layer of Earth’s atmosphere where weather occurs. |
| Uneven heating | The sun heats different parts of Earth more than others. |
| Atmosphere | The layer of gases surrounding Earth. |
| Energy in | Solar radiation Earth receives from the sun. |
| Energy out | Heat energy Earth releases back into space. |
| Sun | The star that provides light and heat to Earth. |
| Earth | The third planet from the sun; supports life. |
| Reflects | Bounces energy away from a surface. |
| Absorbs | Takes in energy such as heat or light. |
| Circulation | The movement of air or water around Earth. |
| Ice core | A cylinder of ice used to study past climates. |
| Geologic Sample | A piece of rock or sediment used to study Earth’s history. |
| Water vapor (H₂O) | Water in gas form; the most abundant greenhouse gas |
| Carbon dioxide (CO₂) | A greenhouse gas released by respiration and burning fossil fuels. |
| Methane (CH₄) | A powerful greenhouse gas released from livestock and fossil fuels. |
| Nitrous oxide (N₂O) | A greenhouse gas produced by agriculture and fossil fuels. |
| Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) | Man-made greenhouse gas es that also damage the ozone layer |
| Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) | Man-made greenhouse gases that trap heat strongly. |
| Ozone (O₃) | A gas that protects Earth from UV radiation in the upper atmosphere but can be a pollutant near the surface |
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