Small gland in the brain that controls sleep-wake cycles by releasing melatonin.

Brain region that connects the nervous and endocrine systems and helps maintain homeostasis by controlling hormones.

The “master gland” that controls other endocrine glands and releases hormones that regulate growth, reproduction, and metabolism.

Gland in the neck that regulates metabolism, energy use, and body temperature.

Gland involved in immune system development, especially during childhood.

Glands on top of the kidneys that produce stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol.

Organ that regulates blood sugar by producing insulin and glucagon.

Female reproductive gland that produces eggs, estrogen, and progesterone.

Male reproductive gland that produces sperm and testosterone.

A chemical messenger released into the bloodstream that controls body functions.

System of glands that release hormones to regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction, and mood.

An organ that produces and releases hormones or other substances.

A cell with special proteins that receive hormones.

A cell that responds to a specific hormone.

Female sex hormone responsible for female traits and regulation of the menstrual cycle.

Female hormone that prepares the uterus for pregnancy and regulates the menstrual cycle.

Male sex hormone responsible for male traits and sperm production.

Hormone that lowers blood sugar by helping cells absorb glucose.

Stress hormone that helps control metabolism, blood sugar, and inflammation.

Hormone that triggers the “fight or flight” response.

Hormone that controls water balance and blood pressure.

Hormone that stimulates growth, cell repair, and metabolism.

Positive Feedback Loop

Process where a change causes even more change in the same direction.

Negative Feedback Loop

Process where a change triggers responses that reverse the change to maintain balance.

Condition where the body cannot produce insulin due to immune system attack on pancreatic cells.

condition where the body does not use insulin properly, causing high blood sugar.

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Endocrine Vocab

Term	Definition
Pineal Gland	Small gland in the brain that controls sleep-wake cycles by releasing melatonin.
Hypothalamus	Brain region that connects the nervous and endocrine systems and helps maintain homeostasis by controlling hormones.
Pituitary Gland	The “master gland” that controls other endocrine glands and releases hormones that regulate growth, reproduction, and metabolism.
Thyroid Gland	Gland in the neck that regulates metabolism, energy use, and body temperature.
Thymus	Gland involved in immune system development, especially during childhood.
Adrenal Gland	Glands on top of the kidneys that produce stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol.
Pancreas	Organ that regulates blood sugar by producing insulin and glucagon.
Ovary	Female reproductive gland that produces eggs, estrogen, and progesterone.
Testis	Male reproductive gland that produces sperm and testosterone.
Hormone	A chemical messenger released into the bloodstream that controls body functions.
Endocrine System	System of glands that release hormones to regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction, and mood.
Gland	An organ that produces and releases hormones or other substances.
Receptor Cell	A cell with special proteins that receive hormones.
Target Cell	A cell that responds to a specific hormone.
Estorgen	Female sex hormone responsible for female traits and regulation of the menstrual cycle.
Progesterone	Female hormone that prepares the uterus for pregnancy and regulates the menstrual cycle.
Testosterone	Male sex hormone responsible for male traits and sperm production.
Insulin	Hormone that lowers blood sugar by helping cells absorb glucose.
Cortisol	Stress hormone that helps control metabolism, blood sugar, and inflammation.
Adrenaline	Hormone that triggers the “fight or flight” response.
Vasopressin	Hormone that controls water balance and blood pressure.
Growth Hormone	Hormone that stimulates growth, cell repair, and metabolism.
Positive Feedback Loop	Process where a change causes even more change in the same direction.
Negative Feedback Loop	Process where a change triggers responses that reverse the change to maintain balance.
Type 1 Diabetes	Condition where the body cannot produce insulin due to immune system attack on pancreatic cells.
Type 2 Diabetes	condition where the body does not use insulin properly, causing high blood sugar.

Created by: user-1898588

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