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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Jefferson Administration (Dates | 1801–1809 |
| Vice President under Thomas Jeffer | Aaron Burr |
| 12th Amendment | Required separate elections for president and vice president |
| Major achievement of Jefferson in 180 | Sponsored the Lewis and Clark Expedition |
| Purpose of the Lewis and Clark Expediti | Explore western lands and routes to the Pacific |
| Louisiana Purchase | Land bought from Napoleon of France that doubled the size of the U.S. |
| Importance of the Louisiana Purchase | Gained Mississippi River Valley land for farming and westward expansion |
| America in 1800 – Population | About 5½ million people |
| America in 1800 – Rural vs. Urban | About 95% rural |
| Slavery in 1800 | About 90% of African Americans were enslaved |
| Northern states in 1800 | Industrializing; slavery declining; gradual emancipation in states like Pennsylvania |
| Southern states in 1800 | Remained agricultural and depended on slavery |
| Jefferson’s belief about governm | Wanted limited government |
| All men are created equal” contradiction | Jefferson believed African Americans were inferior and owned enslaved people |
| Sally Hemings | Enslaved woman owned by Jefferson; had children with him |
| Jefferson’s view on slavery | Disliked slavery but refused to free his enslaved people |
| Law passed in 1808 | Importation of enslaved people was banned |
| Criticism of Jefferson’s administration | Cut military budget and abolished internal taxes |
| Embargo Act of 1807 | Stopped U.S. trade with foreign nations to avoid war |
| Effect of the Embargo Act | Hurt American businesses and trade |
| President during the War of 1812 | James Madison (1809–1817) |
| Main cause of the War of 1812 | British impressment of U.S. sailors |
| Theaters of war in the War of 1812 | High seas, South, and Northwest |
| Strength of the U.S. military in 1812 | Small and poorly organized |
| Northwest fighting in the War of 1812 | U.S. invaded Canada; Native Americans attacked western settlements |
| Tecumseh | Shawnee leader who formed a Native confederation against U.S. expansion |
| Battle of Tippecanoe (1811) | U.S. fought Native forces led by Tecumseh’s confederation |
| What happened to Tecumseh | Killed at the Battle of the Thames (1813) |
| High Seas fighting | British blockaded the eastern seaboard |
| Battle of Lake Erie (1813) | U.S. captured six British ships |
| Southern fighting in the War of 1812 | British burned Washington, D.C., including the White House |
| Battle of Fort McHenry | British failed to capture the fort; inspired the Star-Spangled Banner |
| Battle of New Orleans (1815) | Andrew Jackson defeated the British |
| Result of the War of 1812 for Americans | Increased national confidence and pride |
| Impact of War of 1812 on Native Americans | Last major resistance east of the Mississippi River |
| Long-term effect of War of 1812 | Rise of Andrew Jackson and the U.S. military profession |
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