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Gr 6 SC Ch 5
Gr 6 Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| visible spectrum | the color sequence that appears when white light is passed through a prism |
| red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet | the colors of the spectrum in order |
| magnetic field | a region in which certain objects are attracted or repelled by the magnet |
| electric field | a region in which certain objects may be attracted or repelled by an electric force |
| wave | a movement of energy from one place to another |
| oscillation | a back and forth motion that repeatedly follows the same path |
| crest | the high point of a wave |
| trough | the low point of a wave |
| medium | the term for whatever carries a wave |
| electromagnetic wave | a wave consisting of an electric field and a magnetic field vibrating at right angles to each other |
| speed of light | the speed at which electromagnetic waves travel (in a vacuum), equal to 186,000 miles per second |
| frequency | how fast a wave oscillates |
| wavelength | the length of one complete wave or cycle of oscillation (measure from crest to crest or trough to trough) |
| electromagnetic spectrum | an arrangement of electromagnetic waves according to frequency and wavelength |
| pulsars | stars that produce rapid bursts of radio waves |
| astronaut | a person who journeys into space |
| satellite | any object that orbits a larger object |
| space station | a structure in space in which people can live and work for weeks or months at a time |
| geostationary orbit | an orbit in which a satellite follows the direction of the earth's rotation in such a way that it stays in the same location in the sky |
| Global Positioning System (GPS) | the most famous network of navigational satellites |
| space probe | an unmanned spacecraft that is launched specifically to explore the unknown |
| Sir Isaac Newton | discovered that light is a combination of many colors; also discovered the laws of motion |
| James Clerk Maxwell | discovered electromagnetic waves; realized that light is a type of electromagnetic wave |
| Galileo | the first astronomer to make extensive use of a telescope in his study of the heavens; made many important discoveries |
| Robert H. Goddard | called the "Father of Modern Rocketry"; built and launched the first liquid-fueled rocket |
| Wernher von Braun | helped make the United States the world leader in space exploration; developed the rocket used to carry men to the moon |
| Yuri Gagarin | the first person to travel in space |
| Alan Shepard | the first American to travel in space |
| John Glenn | the first American to orbit the earth |
| Valentina Tereshkova | the first woman to fly in space |
| Neil Armstrong | the first human being to set foot on the surface of the moon |
| William and Caroline Herschel | discovered the planet Uranus |
| telescope | a device that makes distant objects appear clearer or closer |
| reflection | the turning back or turning aside of any wave when it hits an obstacle |
| refraction | the bending of any wave's direction at the boundary between two wave media |
| refracting telescope | a type of telescope that uses lenses to gather light and form an image |
| reflecting telescope | a type of telescope that uses mirrors to produce an image |
| Hubble space telescope | a reflecting telescope with an 8-foot wide main mirror launched into orbit around the earth in 1990 |
| spectroscope | a special device that can split light into a spectrum for analysis |
| radio telescope | an instrument that collects radio waves from space |
| Sputnik I | the first artificial object to orbit the earth |
| Explorer I | the first satellite launched by the United States |
| Apollo 11 | the first manned space mission to actually land on the moon |
| Skylab | the first space station launched by the United States |
| Mir | a Russian space station launched in 1986; designed for modules to be added on |
| International Space Station | a space station that sixteen nations worked together to build |
| space shuttle | an American spacecraft that was the first spacecraft designed to be reused |
| Mercury | the closest planet to the sun; also the speediest planet |
| Venus | sometimes called the morning star or evening star; also the hottest planet in our solar system |
| Mars | often called the "Red Planet"; has two moons (Phobos and Deimos) |
| Jupiter | largest planet in our solar system; also has a huge storm known as the "Great Red Spot" |
| Saturn | has the most glorious rings of any planet in our solar system |
| Uranus | discovered by William and Caroline Herschel; entire system is turn on its side |
| Neptune | planet with beautiful royal blue color; has the strongest winds measured anywhere in the solar system (over 1,200 mph) |
| Ganymede | largest moon in the solar system (bigger than Mercury); largest moon of Jupiter |
| Titan | largest moon of Saturn; has its own atmosphere |
| communications satellites | types of satellites which: relay telephone conversations and TV broadcasts; relay radio programs to local stations; provide direct phone, Internet, and e-mail service anywhere on earth; etc. |
| weather satellites | types of satellites which: provide photographs of cloud patterns; measure cloud and ground temperatures; measure cloud heights, wind speeds, and relative humidity; detect patterns of heat distribution; track icebergs and locus swarms |
| navigational satellites | types of satellites which: GPS allows boaters, pilots, and hikers to pinpoint their position; GPS are so small they can be placed in cell phones or wrist watches |
| earth observation satellites | types of satellites which: makes maps; forecast crop production; spot forest fires; survey cities; track fish migrations; measure wave heights; plot the terrain of the ocean floor; etc. |
| military satellites | types of satellites which: scan the earth for missiles launches or large explosions; photograph foreign military installations; monitor the movements of enemy ships, planes, and tanks |
| astronomical satellites | types of satellites which: takes photographs of stars, space, galaxies, etc.; detect x-rays, measure distances to nearby stars; study the sun; (Hubble space telescope) |
| Sir Isaac Newton | developed the reflecting telescope |
| Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars | the four inner planets |
| Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune | the four outer planets |
| pulse | a single rise or depression in a wave |
| wave medium | material, substance, or matter which carries a wave |
Created by:
timberswartz05