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US His Chpt 14-16
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was President Lincoln'a top priority as president? | Preserving the Union |
| What were a few components of the Compromise of 1850? | Fugitive Slave Act, admission of California as a free state, and a ban on the slave trade in Washington, DC |
| Why did many in the North resist the Fugitive Slave Act? | They felt like de facto slave-catchers who would be punished for helping or failing to capture slaves. It was a lot to ask of them. |
| Compromise of 1850 | Five laws passed by Congress to resolve issues stemming from the Mexican Cession and the sectional crisis. |
| Free Soil Party | A political party committed to ensuring that white laborers would not have to compete with unpaid slaves in newly acquired territories |
| Popular Sovereignty | The principle of letting the people residing in a territory decide vote on slavery in their state/territory |
| Underground Railroad | A network of free blacks and northern whites who helped slaves escape through a series of designated routes and safe houses |
| What was a focus of the new Republican Party? | Halting the spread of slavery |
| Border ruffians | Proslavery Missourians whoo cross the border into Kansas to influence the legislature |
| How did the "Bleeding Kansas" change antislavery advocacy? | Radical abolitionists like John Brown murdered proslavery settlers at Pottawatomie; believed that slavery should end even if violence is used |
| American Party | aka Know-Nothing Party a political party that emerged in 1856 with an anti-immigration platform |
| Bleeding Kansas | A reference to the violent clashes in Kansas between Free-Soilers and slavery supporters |
| Republican Party | An antislavery political party formed in 1854 in response to Stephen Douglas' Kansas-Nebraska Act |
| On what grounds did Dred Scott sure for freedom? | The fact that he had lived in free states |
| What was the result of the Lincoln-Douglas debates | - Douglas was elected senator of Illinois - Lincoln's national profile was raised - Citizens in the North and South followed the debates |
| Dred Scott v. Sandford | A 1857 case where the Supreme Court ruled that Blacks could not be citizens and Congress had no jurisdiction to impede the expansion of slavery |
| Miscegenation | Race-mixing through sexual relations or marriage |
| Why did John Brown attack the armory at Harpers Ferry? | to seize weapons to distribute to slaves for a massive uprising |
| What led to Lincoln's victory in the election of 1860? | -the split between northern and southern democrats - the Lincoln-Douglas debates - The split of the Constitutional Union party |
| Fire-Eaters | Radical southern secessionists |
| Who coined the term Manifest Destiny? | John O'Sullivan |
| What was the most used trail in the Westward expansion? | The Oregon Trail |
| Louisiana Purchase | - April 30, 1803 - $15 million dollars around 4 cents an acre - Doubled the size of America - Fueled the belief in Manifest Destiny -Native Americans faced displacement, starvation, and massacres |
| Manifest Destiny Beliefs | -Believed their beliefs were superior which justifies the expansion west Belied the west and Caribbean were destined for their political leadership - God and the consitution ordained to accomplish redemption and democracy throughout the world |
| Monroe Doctrine | - Americans wanted to keep Europeans out of the Western Hemisphere - President Monroe (1823), "any interference by any foreign players is considered hostile acts against the US |
| Wilmot Proviso Act | - protected white laborers so they would not have to compete with the free labor of the enslaved people -Some white farmers didn't want slavery to end but didn't want it to expand |
| Uncle Tom's Cabin | -1st bestseller that depicted the horrors of slavery -Was turned into a play which caused certain people to feel that slavery goes against Christianity |
| 13th Amendment | Abolished slavery in the Border States (and rest of U.S.) unless imprisoned |
| Emancipation Proclamation | - Abolished slavery in rebel states |
| 14th Amendment | -Gave AAs citizenship |
| 15th Amendment | - Gave black men the right to vote |
| What was freedom like for black people? | - 4 million blacks went from chattel to birthright citizens - They started looking for work/sharecropping and family members - They did not have any land (except the Gullah Geechee people) -Freed people got kicked off plantatios |
| Which president freed all ex confederate officials and Jefferson Davis? | Andrew Johnson |
| Black Codes | - undermined the 13th amendment - Vagrancy laws jailed/punished unemployed black ppl - Kids were taken away & worked as unpaid apprentice with white families - Redlining - Fined for curfew violation, possession of firearms, and bad racial etiquette |
| White supremacist groups | -Regulators, Jay Hawkers, and Black Horse Calvary - The Freedmen's Bureau in GA 1866 complained about the treatment of black people by these organizations |
| What started the industrial revolution? | After reconstruction, there was an influx of people looking for jobs leading to the industrialization of cities |
| What were the cons of the industrial revolution? | - the use of unskilled labor made workers expendable - increased working class racial tension - Mass production created more jobs but not good jobs |
| What was established as a response to the industrial revolution? | - Unions which gave people bargaining power against the elite but this didn't always include blacks |
| Where did the term Buffalo Soldier come from? | NA's felt that black cowboys hair resembled that of the buffalo |
| Frederick Taylor | Introduced Taylorism which increased labor and efficiency and made workers expendable |
| Where did women tend to work? | - Factory work tended to be in clothing or textile because men felt that heavy industry was their field - Clerical positions: bookkeepers, secretaries, and saleclerks - Were paid less |
| When did child labor become popularized? | - 1870-1900 - paid a fraction of an adult man's pay -harsh working conditions |
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seyseyHU