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GI 1
| Category | Generic | Brand | Common Indications | Classification | EK |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anticholinergic; Antispasmodic | dicyclomine (PO) | Bentyl | IBS | Key Side Effects: drowsiness, blurred vision, dizziness, xerostomia, constipation Other Notes: CI in gastrointestinal obstruction, reflux esophagitis, acute hemorrhage with cardiac instability, obstructive uropathy, glaucoma | |
| Guanylate cyclase C agonist | linaclotide (PO) | Linzess | IBS-C, opioid-induced constipation | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, abdominal pain US Boxed Warnings: do not use in patients <2 years of age (risk of death due to dehydration) Other Notes: contraindicated in mechanical gastrointestinal obstruction | |
| Osmotic laxative | polyethylene glycol 3350 (PO) | Miralax | Constipation | OTC | Key Side Effects: abdominal cramping, electrolyte imbalance Other Notes: CI with bowel obstruction |
| Osmotic laxative | Lactulose (PO) | Enulose, Constulose | Constipation, hepatic encephalopathy | Key Side Effects: abdominal cramps, abdominal distention, diarrhea, flatulence | |
| Stimulant laxative | senna (PO) | Ex-Lax, Senokot | Constipation | OTC | Key Side Effects: abdominal cramping, electrolyte imbalance |
| Stool softener | docusate (PO) | Colace | Prevent straining during defecation | OTC | Other Notes: do not use with mineral oil |
| Corticosteroid | dexamethasone (PO,IV) | DexPak, DoubleDex | Inflammatory diseases, cerebral edema, CINV | Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, anxiety, restlessness, insomnia, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use) Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use | |
| Corticosteroid | methylprednisolone (PO,IM,IV) | Medrol, Solu-Medrol | Inflammatory diseases, COPD /Asthma exacerbation, acute gout | Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, anxiety, restlessness, insomnia, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use) Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use | |
| Corticosteroid | prednisolone (PO) | Orapred | Inflammatory diseases, COPD /Asthma exacerbation, acute gout | Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, anxiety, restlessness, insomnia, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use) Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use | |
| Corticosteroid | prednisone (PO) | Deltasone, Rayos | Inflammatory diseases, COPD /Asthma exacerbation, acute gout | Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, anxiety, restlessness, insomnia, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use) Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use | |
| Corticosteroid | hydrocortisone (PO,IV,Topical) | Topical: Corsair IV: Solu-Cortef | Topical: Inflammation, rash PO/IV: Acute illness, adrenal insufficiency | Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, depression, irritability, anxiety, restlessness, insomnia, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing's syndrome (chronic use) Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use |