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Topic 8
Epigenetics and gene expression
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| How is gene expression controlled in eukaryotes | This is controlled through epigenetics |
| What is epigenetics | This is the heratable change in gene function without changing DNA base sequence |
| How do these changes occur | These occur through changes in the enviroment and can inhibit transcription |
| Which factors can effect the epigenetic (chemical tags) to the DNA | This is diet stress and toxins and this can lead to the control of gene expression in eukaryotes |
| A single layer of chemical tags on the DNA is called ....... | This is called the epigenome |
| What does this impact | This impacts the shape of the DNA histone complex and whether DNA tightly wound so wont be expressed or unwound so it will be expressed |
| What does increased methylation of DNA do | This inhibits transcription |
| When methyl groups are added to DNA what base do they attach to | They attach to the cytosine base |
| What does this do | This prevents transcriptional factors from binding and attracts proteins that condense the DNA histone complex. In this way methylation prevents a section of DNA being transcribed |
| What does decreased acetylation do of associated histones proteins on DNA | This inhibits transcription |
| If acetyl groups are removed from DNA then the histones.... | They become more positive and are attracted more to the phosphate group on DNA |
| What happens to the DNA and histones | They become more strongly associated and hard for the transcription factors to bind |
Created by:
yHya