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bio 4.11-4.18
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the primary driving force behind the process of diffusion? | The concentration gradient |
| What is the primary process by which water moves across a selectively permeable membrane? | osmosis |
| Why is facilitated diffusion considered a passive transport process? | It moves substances down their concentration gradient without expending cellular energy |
| Which type of transport protein acts like a pore in the membrane? | channel proteins |
| What triggers the opening of gated channel proteins? | Changes in membrane voltage, binding of chemical ligands, or mechanical stress |
| How do carrier proteins function in facilitated diffusion? | Binding to molecules, changing shape, and moving through to the other side |
| If a freshwater fish is placed in saltwater, what is likely to happen to its cells? | The cells would lose water and shrivel up |
| What is the effect of placing a plant cell in a hypotonic solution? | It will absorb water and get larger |
| What mechanism do freshwater protists use to prevent excess water from entering their cells? | The contractile vacuole |
| What types of things can easily diffuse across the plasma membrane? | Small, nonpolar molecules and small, uncharged polar molecules |
| At equilibrium, what happens to the movement of molecules across the cell membrane? | It does not stop and has dynamic equilibrium |
| Which type of transport requires the assistance of proteins? | Active transport (facilitated diffusion) |
| What is the primary function of the cell membrane's selective permeability? | To ensure the right things are coming in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis |
| Which type of transport requires energy from the cell? | Active transport |
| What role do transport proteins play in cell transport? | They facilitate movement of ions, polar molecules, and larger substances across the membrane |
| Which of the following molecules can easily pass through the phospholipid bilayer? | Small, nonpolar, and hydrophobic molecules |