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Chap. 7 Respiratory
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nose | exchanges air during inhaling and exhaling; warms, moisturizes, and filters inhaled air |
| Sinuses | Produce mucus for the nasal cavities, make bones of the skull lighter, and aid in sound production |
| Pharynx | Transports air back and forth between the nose and and trachea |
| Larynx | makes speech possible |
| Epiglottis | closes off the trachea during swallowing |
| Trachea | transports air back and forth between the pharynx and the bronchi |
| Bronchi | Transports air from the trachea into the lungs |
| Alveoli | air sacs that exchange gases with the pulmonary capillary blood |
| Lungs | Bring oxygen into the body, and remove carbon dioxide and some water waste from the body |
| bronchi/o bronch/o | bronchial tubes, bronchus |
| laryng/o | larynx, throat |
| nas/o | nose |
| ox/i oxy/o | oxygen |
| pharyng/o | throat, pharynx |
| phon/o | sound, voice |
| pleur/o | pleura, side of the body |
| -pnea | breathing |
| pneum/o | lung, air |
| pulm/o pulmon/o | lung |
| sinus/o | sinus |
| somn/o | sleep |
| spir/o | to breathe |
| thorac/o | chest, pleural cavity |
| trach/o trachea | windpipe |
| Function of the respiratory system | supplies the blood with oxygen for transportation to the cells in all parts of the body |
| Portions of the upper respiratory tract | nose (nostrils), mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, and trachea |
| Portions of the lower respiratory tract | bronchial tree and lungs |
| Nasal Septum | wall of cartilage that divides the nose into 2 equal sections |
| Cilia | thin hairs located inside the nostrils, filter air to remove debris |
| Mucous membrane | specialized tissue that lines the nose, digestive, reproductive, and urinary systems, other parts of the respiratory system |
| Mucus | slippery secretion produced by the mucous membrane that protects and lubricates these tissue |
| Function of the tonsils and adenoids | help protect the body from infection coming through the nose or the mouth |
| Paranasal sinuses | air-filled cavities lined with mucous membrane, are located in the bones of the skull |
| Three functions of the sinuses | 1. Make the bones of the skull lighter 2. Help produce sound by giving resonance to the voice 3. Produce mucus to provide lubrication for the tissues of the nasal cavity |
| Pharynx | receives the air after it passes through the nose or mouth, as well as foods. |
| Larynx | triangular chamber between the pharynx and trachea, contains vocal cords |
| Vocal cords | During breathing, the cords are separated to let air pass. During speech, close together, and sound is produced as air is expelled |
| Trachea | transport air to and from the lungs |
| Bronchi | 2 large tubes, branch from the trachea and convey air into the 2 lungs |
| Bronchioles | smallest branches of the bronchi |
| Alveoli | small grape like clusters at end of bronchiole, where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place |
| Lungs | essential organs of respiration, divided into lobes |
| Right lung | larger, has 3 lobes (upper, middle, lower) |
| Left lung | 2 lobes (upper and lower), space restricted because of the heart |
| Pleura | Thin, moist, and slippery membrane that covers the outer surface of the lungs and lines the inner surface of thoracic cavity |
| Parietal pleura | outer layer of the pleura |
| Visceral pleura | inner layer of pleura that covers each lung |
| Pleural cavity | thin, fluid-filled space between the parietal and visceral pleural membrane |
| Diaphragm | dome-shaped sheet of muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen, makes breathing possible |
| Respiration | the breathing is the exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide that is essential for life |
| Inhalation | taking in air into your lungs due to your diaphragm contracting and pulling air into your lungs |
| Exhalation | breathing out by the diaphragm relaxing and moving upwards forcing air out of your lungs |
| Otolaryngologist |
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