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2.2.1Endocrine Vocab

QuestionAnswer
Pineal Gland Small brain gland that releases melatonin to control sleep cycles.
Hypothalamus Brain region that links the nervous system to the endocrine system and controls homeostasis.
Pituitary Gland “Master gland” that controls other endocrine glands and releases growth hormones.
Thyroid Gland Gland in the neck that regulates metabolism and energy use.
Thymus Gland that helps develop the immune system, especially during childhood.
Adrenal Gland Glands on top of kidneys that release stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol.
Pancreas Gland that controls blood sugar by releasing insulin and glucagon.
Ovary Female reproductive gland that produces eggs, estrogen, and progesterone.
Testis Male reproductive gland that produces sperm and testosterone.
Hormone Chemical messenger that travels through the blood to affect target cells.
Endocrine System System of glands that release hormones to regulate body functions.
Gland Organ that produces and releases substances like hormones.
Receptor Cell Cell with a specific protein that binds to a hormone.
Target Cell Cell that responds to a specific hormone.
Estrogen Female sex hormone involved in reproductive development.
Progesterone Hormone that helps regulate the menstrual cycle and pregnancy.
Testosterone Male sex hormone responsible for male traits and sperm production.
Insulin Hormone that lowers blood sugar by helping cells absorb glucose.
Cortisol Stress hormone that helps control metabolism and immune response.
Adrenaline Hormone that prepares the body for “fight or flight.”
Vasopressin (ADH) Hormone that controls water balance and blood pressure.
Growth Hormone Hormone that stimulates growth and cell reproduction.
Positive Feedback Loop Process where a response increases the original stimulus.
Negative Feedback Loop Process where a response reduces the original stimulus.
Type 1 Diabetes Condition where the body does not produce insulin.
Type 2 Diabetes Condition where the body does not use insulin properly.
Created by: user-1898008
 

 



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