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Chem II Ch 12 Voc

Chemistry II Chapter 12 Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Kinetic-Molecular Theory describes the behavior of matter in terms of particles in motion.
Elastic Collision is one in which no kinetic energy is lost.
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter.
Diffusion is the term used to describe the movement of one material through another.
Graham’s Law of Effusion states that the rate of effusion for a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.
Pressure is defined as force per unit area.
Barometer is an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure.
Pascal is equal to a force of one newton per square meter; 1 Pa equals 1 N/m(squared).
Atmosphere is equal to 760 mm Hg or 760 torr or 101.3 kilopascals (kPa).
Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressures of all the gases in the mixture.
Dispersion Force are weak forces that result from temporary shifts in the density of electrons in electron clouds.
Dipole-Dipole Forces the attractions between oppositely chargd regions of polar molecules.
Hydrogen Bond is a dipole-dipole attraction that occurs between molecules containing a hydrogen atom bonded to a small, highly electronegative atom with at least one lone electron pair.
Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a liquid to flow.
Surface Tension the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a given amount.
Surfactants compounds that lower the surface tension of water; another name surfaceactive agents.
Crystalline Solid is a solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in an orderly, geometric structure.
Unit Cell is the smallest arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice that have the same symmetry as the whole crystal.
Allotrope an element, such as carbon, that exists in different forms at the same state–solid, liquid, or gas.
Amorphous Solid is one in which the particles are not arranged in a regular, repeating pattern.
Melting Point of a crystalline solid is the temperature at which the forces holding its crystal lattice together are broken and it becomes a liquid.
Vaporization is the process by which a liquid changes to a gas or vapor.
Evaporation when vaporization occurs only at the surface of a liquid.
Vapor Pressure the pressure exerted by a vapor over a liquid.
Boiling Point the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the external or atmospheric pressure.
Freezing Point is the temperature at which a liquid is converted into a crystalline solid.
Condensation the process by which a gas or a vapor becomes a liquid.
Deposition is the process by which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a solid without first becoming a liquid.
Phase Diagram is a graph of pressure versus temperature that shows in which phase a substance exists under different conditions of temperature and pressure.
Triple Point is the point on a phase diagram that represents the temperature and pressure at which three phases of a substance can coexist.
Created by: jepva
 

 



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