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Psych/Mental Health
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| frontal lobe | voluntary movement and critical thinking , judgment |
| parietal lobes | sensory information (touch, pain, taste, body position) |
| temporal lobes | hearing, smell, |
| occipital lobes | visual reception and interpretation |
| thalamus | integrates all sensory input w some emotion and mood |
| hypothalamus | regulate ant/post pit, ANS, appetite and temp, mood changes and wakefulness endocrine and nervous system connector |
| limbic system | emotional regulation, fight or flight feelings |
| mesencephalon | auditory/visual righting reflexes (turn head due to sound or visual) |
| pons | regulate sleep, arousal, breathing |
| medulla | regulate HR, BP, breathing |
| cerebellum | posture, balance, muscle tone |
| acetylcholine | memory, sleep, movement |
| norepinephrine | mood, cognition, perception |
| dopamine | movement/coordination, emotions |
| glutamate | regulate motor/spinal reflexes, memory and learning |
| serotonin | sleep, appetite, mood, aggression, judgment |
| GABA | slow body activity/ cns depress |
| most depression meds work by blocking reuptake of what two neurotransmitters | norepinephrine and serotonin |
| are antianxiolytics used for acute or long term management | acute- mostly benzos long term management usually are antidepressants |
| tricyclic antidepressants do what and can cause what s/s? | block norepi reuptake and thus cause antichol s/s |
| what are snri and how it compare to older gen | antidepressants, increase nore and serotonin, less side effects/better tolerated |
| what happen if abruptly stop taking antianxiety meds (benzos) | can be deadly (sweat, vomit, seizure, coma) |
| adrs of anxiolytics | dizzy, ortho hypo, confusion, dizzy benzos= addictive and dependence, stopping abruptly is NOT GOOD, caution in elderly |
| antidepressants what do they mostly block reuptake of | snri, ssri, tca= mostly nore, sero, dopa |
| how do benzos work | depress cns by increasing GABA |
| psychostimulants how work | increase nore and dopa |
| antipsychotics what do they block reuptake of | dopamine and serotonin |
| SSRI side effects | serotonin in gut = nausea platelet aggregation= increase bleeding risk |
| anti-HAM meaning | if a drug blocks Histamine= sedate, drowsy, weight gain Adrenergic= hypotension and dizzy Muscarinic=antichol s/s |
| what enzyme metabolizes most meds | cyp 450 in liver can vary due to genetics or food etc |
| crisis | acute sudden event that throws you out of equilibrium/homeostasis |
| crisis that lasts more than like 6 weeks | can be like ptsd, etc |
| individual crisis experience what are three things that impact | 1. individual perception 2. availability of situational support 3. Availability of adequate coping mechanisms |
| Types of Crisis | Situational- loss change every day like divorce, hob change Maturational- developmental stages like marriage Adventitious- natural disasters, crimes |
| Background assessment data for crises | grief is normal, kids may regress back, etc |
| Application of nursing process for disasters | health/safety FIRST then other maslows |
| right vs absolute right vs legal right | absolute= no limit to individuals choice |
| utilitarianism vs kantianism | utlititarianism= best ofr the most people kant= decisions based on sense of duty |
| ethical dilemmas | make decision between two unfavorable choices |
| ethical egoism | decisions based on what is best for the patient |
| autonomy, beneficience, nonmaleficence, veracity, justice, | beneficience= going above and beyond being good for the well being of patient nonmaleficience= prevent harm (double check meds) veracity= truth |
| right to refuse and right to least restrictive treatment | can refuse (non urgent meds)-- unless court steps in and says u have to take it |
| Nurse Practice Act | defines legal scopes/parameters of nursing |
| types of laws: - statutory law - common law | statutory law= legislative body like Nurse Practice Acts common law= court decisions and differ state to state |
| Confidentiality/Right to Privacy | exceptions: duty to warn and mandatory reporting child/elder abuse |
| right vs absolute right vs legal right | absolute= no limit to individuals choice |
| utilitarianism vs kantianism | utlititarianism= best ofr the most people kant= decisions based on sense of duty |
| ethical dilemmas | make decision between two unfavorable choices |
| ethical egoism | decisions based on what is best for the patient |
| autonomy, beneficience, nonmaleficence, veracity, justice, | beneficience= going above and beyond being good for the well being of patient nonmaleficience= prevent harm (double check meds) veracity= truth |
| right to refuse and right to least restrictive treatment | can refuse (non urgent meds)-- unless court steps in and says u have to take it |
| Nurse Practice Act | defines legal scopes/parameters of nursing |
| types of laws: - statutory law - common law | statutory law= legislative body like Nurse Practice Acts common law= court decisions and differ state to state |
| Confidentiality/Right to Privacy | exceptions: duty to warn and mandatory reporting child/elder abuse |
| Commitment issues | voluntary admission involuntary admission= emergency commitments, mentally ull in need of treat, mandatory outpatient treatment grave condition elderly |
| nursing liability | malpractice= professional negligence |
| documenting client in restraints | needs to be specific |
| main monoamine oxidase neurotransmitters | serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine |
| buspirone | non-CNS depressing, not addictive, not as effective not PRN, has to be daily |
| antidepressants med classes | MAOIs, SSRIs, SNRIs, atypical MAOI= HTN crisis (chocolate, cheese, red/organ meats) SSRI,SNRI= serotonin syndrome (not as high risk, harder to overdose, less adr) atypical and adjunct medsfor resistant |
| safety antidepressants | meds may improve energy and mood so individual can go with suicide plan- MONITOR SUICIDE RISK educate it may take like a month to start working |
| Serotonin syndome s/s | diarrhea, shaky/little seizures, high BP, fever, sweat, hallucination |
| Mood-Stabilizing meds | Lithium, anticonvulsants |
| Lithium important safety | As sodium and water go UP, lithium goes DOWN= eat consistent amount of na and h20 birth defects monitor signs of toxicity= early is vomiting and diarrhea (can make it WORSE and DIE) |
| Anticonvulsant safety | SJS many drugs alter effectiveness blood dyscrasias Birth defects increased suicidality |
| Antipsychotic meds how work usually | blocks dopamine |
| Blocking dopamine can cause... | decreased sociality, decreased interest in things, can cause prolactin increase, EPS due to dopamine UP and acetylcholine DOWN, Parkinsons due to decreased dopamine |
| EPS ADAPT over time | Acute Dystonia= muscle spasms in face and neck (laryngospasms can kill)---> treat IV/IM antichol Akathisia (restless) and Akinesia (absent/impaired movement) Pseudoparkinsonism Tardive dyskinesia= face/tongue random movement and is PERM use AIMS |
| antipsych safety | death in elderly dementia long QT Neuroleptic malignant syndrome-- m rigid and fever AntiHAM |
| Clozapine | antipsych- agranulocytosis risk and die of infection neutrophil/WBC labs important |
| Neuroleptic malignant syndrome vs serotonin syndrome | NMS= muscle RIGID af SS= muscle tremors/spasms/seizure things |
| Sedative Hypnotics | can cause like weird behavior (driving at night and not remembering, etc) |
| ADHD meds | stim- methylphenidate and amphetamine--> can be addictive, stunt growth, insomnia, decrease appetite, take at same time as med nonstim- usually BP meds, ortho hypo, rebound htn if abrupt stop buproprion- atypical, lower seizure threshhold!!!! |
Created by:
andywattana