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waves
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| wave | a disturbance that travels through space and matter, transferring energy from one point to another without permanently moving the matter itself. |
| mechanical waves | a disturbance that travels through a medium—such as a solid, liquid, or gas—to transfer energy. |
| medium | a medium is the substance or material that carries a wave from one location to another. |
| transverse wave | a wave where the particles of the medium move perpendicular (at a right angle) to the direction that the wave is traveling. |
| longitudinal wave | a type of wave where the particles of the medium vibrate back and forth in the same direction (parallel) that the wave is traveling. |
| sound wave | a specific type of mechanical longitudinal wave that travels through a medium (like air, water, or metal) and can be heard when it reaches an ear. |
| frequency | a measurement of how often a recurring event happens in a specific amount of time |
| wavelength | physical distance between two consecutive, identical points on a wave. It is the most direct way to measure the "size" or "span" of a single wave cycle. |
| pitch | human perception of the frequency of a sound wave. It is how our brains process how "high" or "low" a sound is. |
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