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Anatomy
test review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the three functions of the nervous system? | sensory input, motor output, integration |
| What is included in nervous system structurally? | Brain, spinal cord, nerves |
| What are the universal listeners or receivers of neuron impulse? | Dendrites |
| What are the universal talkers or senders of neuron impulse? | Axons |
| What do we call the area where two neurons meet ? | Synapse |
| What is the myelin sheath covering the axon of a neuron in the PNS? | Schwann cells |
| What are the gaps between the myelin sheath of a neuron in the PNS? | Nodes of Ranvier |
| How do action potentials move to the next neuron? | Neurotransmitters |
| The lobe of the brain are found in which brain region? | The Cerebrum |
| What separates the lobes of the brain? | Fissures |
| Where is the thalamus located? | Diencephalon |
| Where does the spinal cord attach to the brain? | Medulla Oblongata |
| What three parts make up the brain stem? | Medulla oblongata, the pons, and midbrain |
| What does the cerebellum do? | involuntary coordination, body movements |
| What is the job of the hypothalamus? | autonomic response (fight or flight) |
| Which cranial nerve controls smell? | Olfactory |
| Which cranial nerve controls vision and detection of light by the pupil? | Optic |
| Which cranial nerve controls eye movement upward, downward, and inward? pupils respond to light | Oculomotor |
| Which cranial nerve controls eye movement downward and inward? | Trochlear |
| Which cranial nerve controls facial sensation and chewing? | Trigeminal |
| Which cranial nerve controls side to side (lateral) eye movement? | Abducent |
| Which cranial nerve controls facial expression and taste in the front two thirds of the tongue? | Facial |
| Which cranial nerve controls hearing and balance? | Vestibulocochlear |
| Which cranial nerve controls swallowing, gag reflex, and speech? | Glossopharyngeal |
| Which cranial nerve controls swallowing, gag reflex, and speech; control of muscle in internal organs? | Vagus |
| Which cranial nerve controls neck turning and shoulder shrugging? | Accessory |
| Which cranial nerve controls tongue movement? | Hypoglossal |
| List the four lobes of the brain | Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, and Occipital |
| What is the difference between a neuron and neuroglia? | Neurons are the primary functional cells that transmit electrical and chemical signals. They act as nervous systems communication network. Neuroglia (glial cells) are non neuronal support cells that nourish, protect, and maintain homeostasis for neurons. |
| How does the nervous system and another system maintain homeostasis? | The NS acts as the body's rapid control center through several mechanisms. If a system leaves a set point, the NS triggers responses to bring it back into range. The nervous and endocrine communicate through the brain and body to manage complex processes. |
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