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4.8, 4.9, 4.10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Devolution | the transfer of some political power from the central government to subnational levels of government |
| Ethnic Separation | the advocacy of full political separation from the larger group among cultural, ethnic, tribal, or governmental lines |
| Ethnic Cleansing | A purposeful policy designed by an ethnic or religious group to remove the population of other ethnic or religious groups by violence |
| Terrorism | Organized violence aimed at government & civilian targets to create fear for the advancement of political goals |
| Irredentism | A movement to unite people who share a language or other cultural elements that are divided by national boundaries |
| Autonomous regions | Regions that have their own local & legislative bodies to govern them |
| Subnationalism | Describes people who have a primary alliance to a traditional group or ethnicity |
| Balkanization | the fragmentation of a state or region into smaller, often hostile, units along ethnic-linguistic lines |
| Globalization | the integration of markets, states, communication, & trade on a worldwide scale |
| Supranationalism | The practice of multiple countries forming an organization for the benefit of all members |
| United Nations (UN) | Has 193 member states; most countries of the world, first modern supranational organization |
| North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) | Has 30 member states: Iceland, Canada, United States, most countries in western &Central Europe, & Turkey |
| European Union (EU) | Has 27 member states that are mostly countries in western & central Europe, made after WWI |
| United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) | Has 3 member states: United States, Canada, & Mexico |
| Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) | Has 10 member states: countries in/from Southeast Asia, all member states have rapidly growing economies |
| Arctic Council | Has 8 member states that have territory in the Arctic—Russia, Canada, the United States, & countries in Northern Europe |
| African Union | Has 55 member states— all the countries in Africa |
| World Trade Organization (WTO) | One of the largest & most influential supranational organizations |
| Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) | focuses on the production of oil, its membership goes across 3 continents, including countries like Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, & Iran |
| Transnational Corporations | Companies that conduct business on a global scale |
| Democratization | The transition from autocratic to more representative forms of politics |
| Time-space compression | The social & psychological effects of faster information over space in a short period of time |
| Centrifugal forces | Forces that divide citizenry in a country |
| Centripetal forces | Forces that unite a country’s population |
| Regionalism | When loyalty to a distinct portion of a country is more important than loyalty to an entire country |
| Ethnonationalism | Support for the political interests of a certain ethnic group within a state |
| Nationalism | the strong feelings or patriotism & loyalty to one’s country |