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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell | the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms. |
| Osmosis | the movement of water molecules from high solute concentration to low solute concentration |
| Cell Theory | a fundamental biological principle stating that all living organisms are composed of one or more cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function |
| Cell Wall | a rigid, external layer that is specifically designed to provide structural support and rigidity |
| Cell Membrane | a thin, flexible, semipermeable barrier surrounding all living cells, separating the cytoplasm from the external environment. |
| Nucleus | the structure in a cell that contains the chromosomes |
| Organelle | specialized, membrane-bound subunit within a cell that performs specific, essential functions, acting similarly to a tiny organ |
| Ribosome | essential, non-membrane-bound molecular machines found in all living cells that synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA |
| Nucleic Acid | essential biomolecules (like DNA and RNA) that store, transmit, and express genetic information, acting as the blueprints for all living things and directing cellular functions like growth and protein production |
| Selectively Permeable | a biological barrier, such as a cell membrane, that allows specific ions |
| Cytoplasm | the jelly-like substance filling a cell, enclosed by the cell membrane but outside the nucleus ( |
| Mitochondria | small, membrane-bound organelles found in the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, acting as the "powerhouse of the cell" |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | a vast network of membranes within eukaryotic cells that acts as a manufacturing and transport system. |
| Golgi Apparatus | a cell organelle that acts as the cell's "post office" or shipping center |
| Chloroplast | s a specialized, green-pigmented organelle found in plant and algae cells that acts as the site of photosynthesis |
| Lysosome | a small, membrane-bound organelle found in animal cells that acts as the cell's "garbage disposal" or digestive system. |
| DNA | the molecule that acts as the genetic instruction manual for living things, telling cells how to build and operate the body |
| Passive Transport | the movement of substances (like water, ions, or molecules) across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, without using any energy. |