discovered contintenal drift, continents drift with time. Discovered Pangea

all continents had to have been togehter because fossils found on different contintents should not be able to adapt to the other continents region. Had to have same climate

Alternatives to contintental drift

rafting, land bridge, island stepping stones

matches of rocks and structures, glaciations: need same climate

oceans floor too strong to be moved, no plausible force that could induce the drift

said convection in earths mantle caused them to move

Plate tectonic- key factors

WW2 tech, international geophysical year, worldwide standarized seismic network

created by volcanism. With tiem, seafloor and underlying crust spread away from ridge in opposite directions creating mobile sea floor

outer core has magnetic field and it flips throughout history

Vine Matthew Morleys hypothesis

seafloor spreading when ocean crust forms at the midocean ridge, the cooling crust becomes magnetized and shows pattern of magnetized reversal

Distribution of earthquakes

occur in seismic belts, along mid ocean trenches and war mountain belts, concentrated in zones associated with deep oceanic trenches

earthquakes near trenches occured at different depths and defined zones dipping into the mantle. Lithosphere being subducted

rigid outer 100 km of mantle and crust. Oceanic and contential

plates pulling apart during seafloor spreading. Mid ocean ridges, earthquakes, volcanoes. New lithosphere and crust being created.

plates slide past one another, faults (earthquakes), San Andreas fault

plates converge and collide with one another. Destroys lithosphere, oceanic trenches, earthquakes, explosive volcanoes, subduction, mountains

When they separate the asthenosphere rises up, melting produces magma that solidifies to produce more lithosphere

denser plate sinkis into mantle, oceanic more dense, contiential will crumble, never subducted

Convection in mantle moves plates, as heat increases, volume increases, density increases

seafloor cools off next to mid ocean ridge and becomes more dense and it sinks. That motion can push the rest of plate from the divergent margins

height of subducted can pull the rest of plate under

volcanoes in middle of palte, as plate moves over hotspot, volcano is created. When volcano move off hotspot due to contiential plate motion, the volcano dies and a new colcano is created over hotspot

tells us direction and speed in plate

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Exam 1 Earth Science

Plate Tectonics

Term	Definition
Alfred Wegner	discovered contintenal drift, continents drift with time. Discovered Pangea
Glossopteris	all continents had to have been togehter because fossils found on different contintents should not be able to adapt to the other continents region. Had to have same climate
Alternatives to contintental drift	rafting, land bridge, island stepping stones
evidence for drift	matches of rocks and structures, glaciations: need same climate
rejection of drift	oceans floor too strong to be moved, no plausible force that could induce the drift
Holmes	said convection in earths mantle caused them to move
Plate tectonic- key factors	WW2 tech, international geophysical year, worldwide standarized seismic network
sea floor spreading	created by volcanism. With tiem, seafloor and underlying crust spread away from ridge in opposite directions creating mobile sea floor
magnetic	outer core has magnetic field and it flips throughout history
Vine Matthew Morleys hypothesis	seafloor spreading when ocean crust forms at the midocean ridge, the cooling crust becomes magnetized and shows pattern of magnetized reversal
Distribution of earthquakes	occur in seismic belts, along mid ocean trenches and war mountain belts, concentrated in zones associated with deep oceanic trenches
wadati-benioff zones	earthquakes near trenches occured at different depths and defined zones dipping into the mantle. Lithosphere being subducted
plates	rigid outer 100 km of mantle and crust. Oceanic and contential
divergent	plates pulling apart during seafloor spreading. Mid ocean ridges, earthquakes, volcanoes. New lithosphere and crust being created.
transform	plates slide past one another, faults (earthquakes), San Andreas fault
convergent	plates converge and collide with one another. Destroys lithosphere, oceanic trenches, earthquakes, explosive volcanoes, subduction, mountains
Mid ocean ridges	When they separate the asthenosphere rises up, melting produces magma that solidifies to produce more lithosphere
subduction	denser plate sinkis into mantle, oceanic more dense, contiential will crumble, never subducted
Driving force	Convection in mantle moves plates, as heat increases, volume increases, density increases
ridge push	seafloor cools off next to mid ocean ridge and becomes more dense and it sinks. That motion can push the rest of plate from the divergent margins
flat pool	height of subducted can pull the rest of plate under
hotspots	volcanoes in middle of palte, as plate moves over hotspot, volcano is created. When volcano move off hotspot due to contiential plate motion, the volcano dies and a new colcano is created over hotspot
sea mount chains	tells us direction and speed in plate

Created by: omckenna52

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