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SS01_CULTURE_CO3_#3

🌍📗3️⃣3️⃣3️⃣ SS01_Politics _ CO3 MASTER SET _#3

QuestionAnswer
Social Institution A structure in society that fulfills needs and keeps society organized.
Examples of Social Institutions Family, education, health, politics, economic, religious.
Family (Anthropological Definition) A group sharing residence/relationships with economic and reproductive ties.
UN Definition of Family A married couple (with/without children) or a single parent with unmarried children.
Biological Component of Family Presence of parents and at least one child.
Functional Component of Family Providing care and economic support to children.
Residential Component of Family Family members living in the same household.
Nuclear Family Parents and their children.
Extended Family Nuclear family plus relatives such as grandparents or cousins.
Reconstituted Family Spouses and children from previous marriages.
Symmetrical Family Partners share equal household roles.
Lone‑Parent Family One parent raising children due to death or choice.
Civil Partnership Legally recognized union of same‑sex or opposite‑sex couples.
Kinship Social bonds based on blood, marriage, or adoption.
Double Descent Both patrilineal and matrilineal descent recognized.
Ambilineal Descent Affiliation to either the father’s or mother’s side.
Unilineal Descent Affiliation traced through one sex only.
Yako Tribe Kinship Patrilineal for politics/inheritance; matrilineal for social/spiritual roles.
Maori Whakapapa Tracing descent from both parents; flexible based on needs and pressures.
Patrilineal vs. Matrilineal Examples Patrilineal: Chinese society; Matrilineal: Minangkabau.
Marriage A socially or legally recognized union establishing rights and obligations.
Monogamy Marriage to one person at a time.
Polygamy Marriage involving multiple spouses.
Polygyny One man with multiple wives.
Polyandry One woman with multiple husbands.
Endogamy Marriage within the same religion, class, race, or group.
Exogamy Marriage outside one’s social or cultural group.
Hypergamy A woman marrying into a higher caste or class.
Hypogamy A man marrying a woman of higher class or status.
Isogamy Committed relationship involving same‑sex partners.
Same‑Sex Marriage Marriage between partners of the same sex.
Arranged Marriage Parents organize marriage with partners of similar background.
Divorce Legal process ending a marriage; both become single and may remarry.
Annulment Court declaration that no valid marriage existed; based on specific grounds.
Legal Separation Court‑approved separation without permission to remarry.
Economic Institutions Structures managing distribution of scarce resources.
Activities of Economic Institutions Reciprocity, transfer, redistribution, market transactions.
Educational Institutions Provide training for productive citizenship; formal/informal; public/private.
Functions of Education Transmit culture, train roles, develop thinking, expand horizons, aid adjustment, foster innovation.
Health Institutions Traditional, modern, and alternative systems for diagnosis, treatment, and healing.
Religion Institution explaining the unknown and giving meaning, purpose, and cohesion.
Significance of Religion (Panopio) Explains unknowns, gives meaning, integrates values, reassures individuals, promotes cohesion, welfare, control, and legitimizes culture.
Forms of Religion: Animism Belief that natural objects have souls that can help or harm humans.
Forms of Religion: Polytheism Belief in many gods, each with specific domains.
Forms of Religion: Monotheism Belief in one god whose uniqueness expresses divine power.
Separation of Church and State 1987 Constitution: free exercise of religion; no religious tests; no public funds for religion; churches tax‑exempt.
 

 



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