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POLI3 Midterm
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Politics (aristotle) | Community for virtue, what is good for the human being |
| Eudaimonia | The highest good, complete and full happiness, perfection |
| Telos | The end or purpose for which something exists, the end goal |
| Arete | Virtue, excellence. Proper disposition gained by ACTION. To have more means stable disposition and capacity |
| Koinonia | Translate to community. Polis as the telos of Koinonia. Connected through some sort of sharing |
| Politeia | Regime. Values are the end (telos) of the community (shared values). Constitution is the beaurocratic measures to distribute. |
| Politics (Machiavelli) | Politics is the acquisition and maintenance of power. Governed by necessity, not morality. |
| Effectual Truth (Machiavelli) | The focus on the actual outcomes, not the idealistic envisions. Judge more by your hands, not eyes. Appearance and reality always inconsistent in politics |
| Virtu (machiavelli) | Excellence, capacity, boldness, ability. Traits that uphold power |
| Politics (modern def/constant) | Politics as procedure, to secure individual interest. "Who gets what, when, and how" |
| Political liberty | Ability to have a voice in politics |
| Individual liberty | still free but under laws |
| Secularity | Non religious matters; earthly things that are separate from Church |
| Authority (or legitimacy) | Characteristics of law which morally oblige obedience independent of force/threat. Justifies state coercion (punishment) upon disobedience. |
| Power | Ability to make you do what you otherwise wouldn't. Power without authority=orders backed with threats |
| Contractarian conception of authority | Political authority is legitimate only when derived from the government |
| Law of nature (locke) | Man is by nature "partial" (will ultimately prioritize self). We are free and equal by nature, subordination/subjection is unnatural. |
| Executive power of nature (locke) | Everyone has the right to punish those who do not follow rule 1 (do not harm yourself or others, aid others so long as it doesn't hurt you) |
| Tyranny | Authority without explicit consent, exercise of power beyond right |
| Doctrine of resistance | Resistance by force only justified if no legal remedy present |
| Humean conception of authority | Authority based on tradition, habit, and opinion. |
| Conventions | Predictable patterns of collective behavior, rather than formal contract |
| Sovereignty (Bodin) | Absolute and perpetual power of a commonwealth. Sovereign power must be ABSOLUTE, PERPETUAL, and UNDIVIDED |
| Government (Bodin) | The agent of the sovereign, the institutions/practices that administrates the sovereign's power |
| Imperium in imperio | State within state/government within government/empire within empire. Division of power, a "mixed regime". Bodin believes is impossible. Seen in US declaration |
| Popular sovereignty | Principle of sovereignty resides in the nation (the people) Ex: France, England |
| Declaration | A public, explanatory proclamation made by authoritative body, stating their rights, against government action. Basically, statment calling out how government is wrong, an authority to judge government |
| Inalienable natural rights | Rights that cannot be taken away by anyone (laid upon foundation that all men are created equal) |
| Self-evidence | Proposition that is known to be true without proof, human reason. As seen in US constitution |
| Pursuit of happiness | The natural right to pursue happiness, without gov's judgement. Gov should create platform/conditions and protect this. Misinterpreted as individual happiness |
| Representative Democracy | People govern themselves through elected representatives |
| Liberal democracy | Power of the people to govern themselves is limited by rule of law, a scheme of rights and liberties |
| Original position (Rawls) | Hypothetical thought experiment, excluding factors to achieve equal liberty |
| Pure procedural justice (Rawls) | No criterion exists, justice defined by procedural outcome (ex: gambling w/o cheating) |
| Veil of ignorance (Rawls) | Excludes these for maximum equality of procedure: social assets, natural assets, physiological features, ect. Purpose serves to 1 make unanimous choice possible, and 2 prevent unfair advantages |
| Lexical ordering (Rawls) | 1st in order takes absolute priority, not considering the others |
| Representation as authorization | Person's authoirty is utilized in another person, whereby they can take blame for them too |
| Oikos | Household, the community by nature |
| Polis | Complete community, self sufficient |
| 5 Self evident truths | All men created equal, inalienable rights, among these are life liberty +pursuit of happiness, government needed to secure these rights, if rights not protected by gov we can overthrow. All lay upon #1. |
| Democracy | Government controlled by "the people" or "the many". Translates to people power. |
| Delegate representation | Make present the principal's subjective desires (ex: alcohol) Assumes the prinicipal is the best judgement of their interest. Primary task is to solely obey instruction |
| Trustee representation | Make present the principal's objective interest, and is subject to the agent's judgement. |
| Descriptive representation | The agent makes the principal's ascriptive characteristics present . Principal and agent share resemblance |
| Virtual representation | The agent makes collective principal's common interest present, but the principal has no role in selecting the agent. (ex: Californians loving mamdani) |
| Ergon | Something's purpose/function/task |
| Aggregative justice | Numbers make law legitimate. Standing with others more than standing for your principals |
Created by:
blarb