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Unit 6 vocab

TermDefinition
Activated Complex An intermediate structure formed in the conversion of reactants to products. The activated complez is the structure at the maximum energy point along the reaction path.
Activation Energy The minimum energy required to convert reactants into products; the difference between the energies of the activated complex and the reactants.
Catalyst effect on the rate chemical of rxn A substance that is neither a reactant nor a product, but functions to speed up the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering activation energy/providing a shorter or "alternate" pathway.
Chemical Equilibrium In a chemical reaction, when the forward and reverse reactions are occuring at equal rates.
Collision Theory In order for a chemical reaction/effective collision to occur, particles must collide with proper energy AND proper alignment.
Concentration effect on the rate chemical of rxn An increase in concentration of reactants will increase the rate of a chemical reaction.
Endothermic Reactions Chemical reactions that consume or require energy; chemcal reactions in which energy is a reactant.
Enthalpy The heat energy absorbed or realeased during a chemical reaction.
Entropy A measure of the randomness or chaos associated with a chemical reaction.
Equilibrium When two opposing processes are occuring at equal rates.
Exothermic Reactions Chemical reactions that produce or release energy; chemical reactions in which energy is a product.
Le Chatelier's Principle Predicts that when a stress is applied to an equilibrium mixture, the equilibrium will shift to relieve the stress (stresses include temperature, pressure, concentration).
Nature of Reactants effect on the rate chemical of rxn Reactions involving ionic substances tend to have faster rates than reactions involving covalent substances.
Phase Equilibrium When the processes of freezing and melting or evaporating and consdensing are occuring at equal rates.
Physical Equilibrium When two opposing physical processes are occuring at equal rates; ex: phase equilibrium, solution equilibrium (saturation).
Potential Energy Diagrams Used to illustrate the energy lost or gaines (the reaction pathway) for a given chemical reaction.
Pressure effect on the rate chemical of rxn An increase in pressure will increase the rate of a chemcal reaction (only for reaction involving GASES!)
Reaction Mechanism The specific set of steps/reactions involved in an overall chemical reaction.
Reaction Rate The speed at which reactants are converted into products in a chemical reaction.
Solution Equilibrium When the processes of dissolving and precipitating are occuring at equal rates; when a solution has reached its saturation point.
Surface Area effect on the rate chemical of rxn An increase in the surface area of reactants will increase the rate of a chemical reaction.
Temperature effect on the rate chemical of rxn An increase in temperature will increase the rate of a chemical reaction.
Created by: Sillyflamingo
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