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mole. genetics ch. 5

genome sequences

QuestionAnswer
how do organisms vary with respect to the number of genes in their genomes? the number of genes organisms have are in the thousands, but bacteria have less amount of genes than archaea and eukaryotic organisms do.
what is the minimum number of genes required to be a free-living organism 1500 genes
what are orthologous genes? genes that encode corresponding polypeptides in different organisms
what are pseudogenes? copies of genes that are nonfunctional as a result of interruptions in their coding sequences
how much of the human genome actually codes for polypeptides? 1% of the genome
do human genes always contain introns? not always, but the vast majority of the human genome contains introns.
what are the five classes of repetitive sequences? transposons, pseudogenes, sequence repeats, segmental duplication, tandem repeats
what makes the Y chromosome unique and hard to sequence? it is much smaller than the x chromosome and has many fewer genes, and its unique role comes from the fact that only males have a y chromosome, so Y-linked loci are effectively haploid instead of diploid.
what is an essential gene? genes that are required for an organism to survive and reproduce.
Created by: angievelasco
 

 



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