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mole. genetics ch. 4

the content of the genome

QuestionAnswer
what is a genome? complete set of sequences in the genetic material of an organism
what is a transcriptome? the complete set of RNAs present in a cell, tissue, or organism
what is a proteome? the complete set of proteins that is expressed by the entire genome
what is an interactome? the complete set of protein complexes/protein-protein interactions present in a cell, tissue, or organism
what is a linkage map? the distance between loci in units based on recombination frequencies
what is a restriction map? constructed by cutting DNA into fragments with restriction enzymes and then measuring the base pairs in between cut sites
what is polymorphism? the coexistence of multiple alleles at a locus in a population
what is an SNP? a polymorphism caused by a change in a single nucleotide
how can identifying SNPs help in diagnosing a disease? scientists compare the DNA from patients with a disorder with the DNA of a healthy person
how identical are the DNA sequences between one person and another? about 99.9% of the DNA is the same between 2 people. mutations, SNPs, etc. make up the 0.1% difference
what is repetitive DNA? sequences of DNA that are present in more than one copy.
where does repetitive DNA occur? when transposons copy anf paste themselves into different locations in the genome
how is repetitive DNA increased in the genome? when transposons replicate themselves and jump to different locations in the genome
how do different organisms vary with respect to repetitive DNA? e. coli does not have repetitive DNA, meanwhile other organisms can range from having 3%- 17% repetitive DNA depending on the size of the genome.
what things should you see in identifying eukaryotic protein-coding genes? an open reading frame and related sequences in other species
what are the characteristics of mitochondrial DNA? several copies of the genome, maternally inherited,
what are the characteristics of chloroplast DNA? encodes all the rRNAs and tRNAs needed for protein, the genes encode proteins out of photosynthetic complexes in the thylakoid membranes
Created by: angievelasco
 

 



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