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Topic 8
Type of gene mutations
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is a gene mutation | This is the alternatation of a base sequence for one gene They occur during DNA replication |
| What does this result in | This results different amino acid sequences and encoded polypeptide |
| What is a addition mutation | This is the impact of adding one base is that all subsequent codons are altered. This is known as framseshift This is harmful as can result in differnet amino acids being coded |
| What is a deletion mutation | This causes the frame shift to the left. This could result in a different poly peptide chain and a non functioning protien |
| What is a substitution mutation | This is when one bases has been changed but the number of bases stay the same and there is no frame shift. Only one base may be changed however dure to the genetic code degenerate it may still code for the same amino acid |
| What is the inversion mutation | A section of bases detach from the DNA sequence but when they rejoin they are inverted so the section of the code is back to front This results in different amino acids being coded for this region |
| What is translocation | A section of bases on one chromosome detaches and attaches onto a different chromosome This is a substantial alteration and can cause significant impacts on gene expression |
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yHya