Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Special senses day 1
Premed Health class
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sensation | a state of awareness of the internal or external conditions of the body. |
| receptor | have the ability to conduct a nerve impulse when a threshold stimulus is received, threshold levels vary from receptor to receptor, receptors are stimulus specific. |
| sensory adaptation | threshold level rises after continuous stimulation, impulses are generated at decreasing rates until sensation stops. |
| Nociceptors | Detect pain |
| Chemoreceptors | Detect chemicals Ex. Taste, smell |
| First-order neuron (general sensory pathway) | Connects the receptor to the spinal cord Synapse |
| second order neuron (general sensory pathway) | Conducts the impulse to the thalamus Synapse |
| Third order neuron (general sensory pathway) | Conducts the impulse to the cerebral cortex Process |
| Touch | Detected by mechanoreceptors called Meissner’s corpuscles and Merkel’s discs |
| Pressure | Detected by mechanoreceptor called Pacinian corpuscles |
| Temperature | Detected by thermoreceptors, Krause corpuscles for cold and Ruffini corpuscles for heat. |
| proprioception | detected by proprioceptors located in muscles and tendons |
| limbic system | olfactory is closely to he linked to |
| gas molecules enter the nasal cavity | olfactory pathway 1 |
| gas molecules dissolve in mucus | olfactory pathway 2 |
| dissolved molecules stimulate the olfactory organs | olfactory pathway 3 |
| impulse is transmitted to the olfactory bulb | olfactory pathway 4 |
| Olfactory bulb sends the impulse to C1 (Olfactory Nerves) | olfactory pathway 5 |
| C1 carries the impulse to the cerebral cortex of the frontal lobe | olfactory pathway 6 |
| frontal lobe | C1 carries the impulse to the cerebral cortex of the |
| papillae (taste) | the 10,000 taste buds on the tongue are found in bumps called |
| sight, smell, and tactile sense | least effective of our four special senses requires reinforcement from |
| temporal lobe | impulse travels through the thalamus of the gustatory center in the cerebral Cortex of the --------- |
| frequency | number of vibrations per second |
| strength | height of sound wave, measured in decibels |
| quality | depends of the object producing the sound |
| auricle | collects sound waves from the air and channels them down the external auditory canal |
| Tympanic membrane (eardrum) | cone-shaped, mucous membrane with outer layer of skin, connects to the malleus. |
| eustachian tube | runs from the middle ear to the back of the throat, equalizes pressure on both sides of the eardrum. |
| Cochlea | snail shaped, the upper compartment is called the scala vestibuli, the lower compartment is called the scala tympani, contains the organ of Corti which is the organ of hearing. , consists of hair cells which are the receptors of sound waves, hair cells at |
| Semicircular canals | responsible for dynamic equilibrium |
| Vestibule | responsible for static equilibrium |
| mallelus (physiology of hearing) | sound waves vibrate the tympanic membrane (eardrum) which in turn vibrate the ossicles ------ incus to stapes |
| stapes (physiology of hearing) | the -------- vibrates the inner ear beginning with the cochlea. |
| static equilibrium | sensation of the head and body position need to maintain posture |
| otoliths | The membranous labyrinth of the vestibule contains two sacs called the utricle and the saccule The utricle and saccule are lined with epithelium and hair cells They are filled with a jellylike mass that contains calcium carbonate crystals called |
| parietal lobe and cerebellum (Static equilibrium) | When you move your head, the otoliths cause the jelly like mass to stimulate the hair cells, the hair cells generate a nerve impulse down C VIII to the |
| dynamic equilibrium | sensation of movement |
| (Dynamic equilibrium) Parietal lobe and cerebellum | The semicircular canals are also lined with epithelium and hair cells and filled with a jellylike mass When the head shifts as the body moves the jelly like mass stimulates the hair cells The hair cells generate a nerve impulse down C VIII to the |
| Vision and proprioception. | Both static and dynamic equilibrium are assisted by |
| conjunctiva (eyelids) | A mucous membrane called the -------- the ---------- folds back to cover the anterior surface of the eye, it secretes mucus to moisten and lubricate the eyeball. |
| Lacrimal glands | Produces tears which are a dilute salt solution with an antibacterial enzyme |
| nasolacrimal duct | Tears are collected by the lacrimal canals, deposited in the lacrimal sac and excreted into the nasal cavity through the |
| Cornea | It is transparent Protects the Iris, pupil and lens |
| Sclera | composed of white fibrous tissue, it forms a tough, protective layer that gives the eye shape and protects the inner parts |
| Fibrous tunic | thick outer layer of the eye that contains two regions- the sclera and the cornea. |
| Choroid | Dark brown membrane that lines most of the sclera |
| Ciliary body | Composed of smooth muscle which connects to the lens by suspensory ligament. |
| iris | The opening is the pupil which regulates the amount of light into the eye. |
| lens | Becomes convex when focused on close objects |
| retina | is a fragile layer of neurons that forms the inner lining of the posterior wall. |
| Cones | work in bright light and detect color |
| optic disc | is the called the blindspot |
| macula lutea | near the optic disc is a yellow spot called the -------which is area central of vision |
| anterior chamber | between cornea and iris, filled with aqueous humor |
| Posterior chamber | between iris and lens, filled with aqueous humor |
| Vitreous chamber | between lens and retina, filled with vitreous humor |
| Formation of aqueous humor | filtered out of capillaries in the ciliary body, , moves through the canal of Schlemm in the sclera where it drains into the veins. |
| orbit (protection of the eye) | body socket |
| cornea reflex (protection of eye) | blinking or closing eyelid |
| Tears (Protection of the eye) | Tears |
| Fat (Protection of the eye) | absorbs shock, between the eye and orbit |
| superior rectus | elevation, adduction, rotation |
| lateral rectus | abduction |
| image formation | refraction of light by cornea and lens |
| image formation | accommodation of the lens |
| image formation | constriction of the pupil |
| Rhodopsin | Visual purple night vision |
| occipital lobe | the optic nerve centers the impulse by visual cortex in the ------- where it is righted and interpreted. |
Created by:
leela saritha