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Chapter 7

TermDefinition
Strauss syndrome Behaviors of distractibility, forced responsiveness to stimuli, and hyperactivity; based on the work of Alfred Strauss and Heinz Werner with children with intellectual disabilities.
Cerebral palsy (CP) A condition characterized by paralysis, weakness, lack of coordination, and/or other motor dysfunction; caused by damage to the brain before it has matured.
Hyperactive child syndrome A term used to refer to children who exhibit inattention, impulsivity, and/or hyperactivity; popular in the 1960s and 1970s.
Neurotransmitters Chemicals involved in sending messages between neurons in the brain.
Dopamine A neurotransmitter, the levels of of which may be abnormal in people with ADHD.
Norepinephrine A neurotransmitter, the levels of which may be abnormal
Molecular genetics Study of the structure and function of genes at a molecular level.
Executive functioning (EF) The ability to regulate one's behavior through working memory, inner speech, control of emotions and arousal levels, and analysis of problems and communication of problem solutions to others; delayed or impaired in people with ADHD.
Behavioral inhibition The ability to stop an intended response from interruption, and to refrain from responding immediately; allows executive functions to occur; delayed or impaired in those with ADHD.
Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) A set of behaviors characterized by daydreaming, feeling confused, tiring easily; often displayed in persons with ADHD.
Adaptive behavior skills Skills needed to adapt to one's living environment; usually estimated by an adaptive behavior survey; one of two major components of the AAMR definition.
Functional behavioral assessment (FBA) Evaluation that consists of finding out the consequences, antecedents, and setting events that maintain inappropriate behaviors.
Contingency-based self-management Rewards based on use of self-management techniques.
Curriculum-based measurement (CBM) A formative evaluation method designed to evaluate performance in the curriculum to which students are exposed; usually involves giving students a small sample of items from the curriculum in use in their schools
Momentary time sampling An interval recording procedure used to capture a representative sample of a target behavior over specified period of time.
Strattera A nonstimulant medication for ADHD; affects the neurotransmitter norepinephrine.
Psychostimulants Medications that activate dopamine levels in the frontal and prefrontal areas of the brain that control behavioral inhibition and executive functions; used to treat persons with ADHD.
Ritalin The most commonly prescribed psychostimulant for ADHD; its generic name is methylphenidate.
Adderall A psychostimulant for ADHD; its effects are longer acting than those of Ritalin.
Vyvanse A stimulant that is sometimes prescribed to treat symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children.
Created by: kileywray714
 

 



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