What information is given by the atomic mass? Atomic Mass=

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science 2.0

Question	Answer
_Matter_ Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume).
_Element_ Substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
_Atom_ Smallest piece of an element that retains its physical and chemical properties.
_Compound_ 2 or more different elements chemically combined.
_Molecule_ Smallest unit of a substance that keeps all the physical and chemical properties of the substance.
_Pure Substance_ Matter that has a fixed composition and definite properties.
_Mixture_ A combination of 2 or more substances that are not chemically combined.
_Particle_ An umbrella term used to describe a substance.

Identify the following substances.
Pure substance of elements D. Mixture of compounds
Pure substance of compound E. Mixture of elements
Pure substance of molecules F. Mixture of compounds and molecules









_D_ _F_ _C_ _**_ _E_ _A_
**Mixture of compounds & elements
What is the difference between a homogeneous mixture and a heterogeneous mixture? Provide an example for each. Homogeneous mixture is uniform composition throughout, heterogeneous mixture is not uniform and looks like it is composed of different substance

Describe the Bohr model of an atom.Neutrons and Protons in the center or nucleus of the atom, electrons in circular orbits around the center.
How does the modern theory of the atom differ from the Bohr model? Orbitals instead of orbits. Orbitals are areas around the nucleus (not orbiting the nucleus like the planets orbit the sun) where electrons are likely to be found.
Fill in the following chart about the structure of the atom:
Subatomic particle
Location in the atom
Charge
Proton
Nucleus
+
Neutron
Nucleus
None
Electron
Electron Cloud
-








What information is given by the atomic number? Number of protons (equal to number of electrons for neutral atoms)
What information is given by the atomic mass? Atomic Mass=	of protons +
Complete the following table for the atoms described below:
Name
symbol
Atomic
Mass
	protons
	electrons
	neutrons

Vanadium-50



23
50
23
23
27

Nitrogen-14



7
14
7
7
7
Boron- 11



5
11
5
5
6

Magnesium-24



12
24
12
12
12

Magnesium-26



12
26
12
12
14
Aluminum Cation




Al+3
13
27
13
10
14

Sulfur Anion



S-2
16
32
16
18
16


What are isotopes? Forms of an element- same number of protons and electrons, different number of neutrons. Different mass number.
Compare and contrast Uranium-235 and Uranium-238. Both have 92 protons and 92 electrons. Uranium-235 has 143 neutrons while uranium-238 has 146 neutrons
What are ions? Ions are charged particles. Meaning, the number of protons no longer equal the number of electrons, giving the atom a charge.
What are cations? How are cations formed? Cations= positively charged ions
Cations are formed by losing electrons.
What are anions? How are anions formed? Anions= negatively charged ions
Anions are formed by adding electrons.
Complete the following chart.

Element


Valence number of
electrons in the neutral atom

Nitrogen
5

Magnesium
2

Zirconium
2

Iodine
7

















Use the periodic table diagram below to answer the following questions.
Identify the location of the elements that form ions having a +2 charge.
Identify the location of the elements that form ions having a +1 charge.
Identify the location of the elements that form ions having a –1 charge.
Identify the location of the elements that form ions having a –2 charge.
Label the following: noble gases, alkali metals, halogens, transition metals, alkaline earth metals.


Compare the metals and nonmetals in terms of characteristics and where they are found on the periodic table.
Metals: Left of stairsteps Metals conduct heat and electricity, are malleable, are shiny, and are ductile.
Nonmetals: Right of stairsteps Nonmetals do not conduct heat and electricity and are brittle.
What are the metalloids and where are these elements found on the periodic table? Touch the stairsteps- have properties of both metals and nonmetals
What are the rows on the periodic table called? What are the columns on the periodic table called?
Rows - periods
Columns- groups or families
What do the elements in a chemical family have in common?
Similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons.
How does the radius of a chlorine atom compare to the radius of a sodium atom? How does the radius of a cesium atom compare to a sodium atom? In general, as you move from left to right across a row, how does the radius of the atoms change? As you move fro
-Chlorine atom has a smaller radius than a sodium atom.
-A cesium atom has a larger radius than a sodium atom.
-As you go across (left to right) of PT atoms get smaller, this is because more protons and electrons are added but not more space for them to spread out. This makes the atom pull in tighter and become smaller.
-As you go down (top to bottom) of the PT atoms get larger, this is because as you go down atoms are gaining energy levels as well as protons and electrons.

Created by: user-2023025

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