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Stack #4624015
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a subnet? A single network or network segment. | |
| What does an IP address represent? A single host on a network. | |
| What does a subnet mask do? Defines which part of an IP is network and which part is host. | |
| What OSI layer does subnetting operate on? Layer 3 (Network layer). | |
| What does DNS stand for? Domain Name System. | |
| What is the purpose of DNS? To translate domain names into IP addresses. | |
| What are the three levels of DNS servers? Root, TLD, and Authoritative. | |
| Which DNS server knows the actual IP address? The authoritative name server. | |
| How many logical DNS root servers exist? 13. | |
| What device operates at Layer 2? Switch. | |
| What device operates at Layer 3? Router. | |
| What does a switch use to forward traffic? MAC addresses. | |
| What does a router use to forward traffic? IP addresses. | |
| What is the main job of a switch? Forward data within the same local network. | |
| What is the main job of a router? Route data between different networks. | |
| Can a switch connect different subnets by itself? No. | |
| What device is required to communicate between subnets? Router. | |
| What is a default gateway? The router IP address used to reach other networks. | |
| What happens if a host has no default gateway? It cannot communicate outside its subnet. | |
| What does NAT stand for? Network Address Translation. | |
| Why is NAT used? To allow multiple private IPs to share one public IP. | |
| Can private IP addresses be routed on the internet? No. | |
| What are RFC 1918 addresses? Private IP address ranges. | |
| What is the private Class A IP range? 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255. | |
| What is the private Class B IP range? 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255. | |
| What is the private Class C IP range? 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255. | |
| What does CIDR notation /24 represent? 24 network bits and 8 host bits. | |
| What does CIDR notation /16 represent? 16 network bits and 16 host bits. | |
| What do the 1s in a subnet mask represent? Network bits. | |
| What do the 0s in a subnet mask represent? Host bits. | |
| Must subnet mask bits be contiguous? Yes. | |
| What is the formula for usable hosts? (2^host bits) – 2. | |
| Why do we subtract 2 when calculating hosts? One for network ID and one for broadcast ID. | |
| What is the network ID? The first IP address in a subnet. | |
| What is the broadcast ID? The last IP address in a subnet. | |
| Can a host use the network ID? No. | |
| Can a host use the broadcast ID? No. | |
| Can a host use the first usable IP? Yes. | |
| Can a host use the last usable IP? Yes. | |
| How do you tell if two IPs are on the same subnet? Their network portions match. | |
| If traffic stays on the same subnet, what device handles it? Switch. | |
| If traffic goes to a different subnet, what device handles it? Router. | |
| What is a VLAN? A logical separation of networks on a switch. | |
| Do VLANs still require a router to communicate? Yes. | |
| What device enforces security rules between VLANs? Router or firewall. | |
| What three things must a host have to communicate externally? IP address, subnet mask, default gateway. | |
Created by:
user-2022658