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PTCB Review
Order Entry and Data Processing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| patient profile | Is a hard copy or a computerized list of a patient’s prescriptions (medications) and other information such as his or her name, Social Security number, birth date, gender, and billing information. |
| Examples of demographic informations | Patient age, address, phone, and gender |
| NDC number | The first digits represent the drug manufacturer, the second four represent the medication, and the last two represent package size. |
| DAW 0 | No product selection indicated |
| DAW 1 | Substitution not allowed by provider |
| DAW 2 | Substitution allowed – patient requested product dispensed |
| DAW 3 | Substitution allowed – pharmacist selected product dispensed |
| Ways on how a prescription is receive in the pharmacy | walk in, call in, and e-prescription |
| A prior authorization | means that an insurance company requires the physician to document the reason why the medication is needed and obtain approval for its use before the insurance company will agree to pay for it. The insurance company will consider the request for authoriz |
| fixed copay | copay remain constant |
| qid | four times a day |
| qd | every day. |
| ac | before meals |
| pc | after meals |
| hs | at bedtime |
| am | morning |
| pm | evening |
| prn | as needed |
| variable copayment | patient pays on a tiered system, such as paying $10 for generic medications and $30 for brand medications. |
| STAT | A medication order that should be filled within 15 minutes of receiving it in a hospital |
| ASAP | A medication order that does not have the priority of a STAT order but needs to be processed as soon as possible |
| PRN | An order that may be filled or administered when a patient requests it but may have limitations associated with it |
| Online adjudication | Is the process by which the pharmacy sends a prescription claim electronically to a third-party provider. The response is usually immediate, and it allows the pharmacy to verify the patient’s eligibility. |
| CODE 01 | Cardholder |
| CODE 02 | spouse |
| CODE 03 | dependent |
| prescription label | Includes information such as drug name, instructions for use, patient’s name, and so on. Ancillary, auxiliary, and warning labels are all additional labels that are attached to the bottle. |
| What auxiliary labels goes with OTIC Preparation ? | FOR THE EAR |
| What auxiliary label goes with Ophthalmic preparations? | FOR THE EYE |
| What auxiliary label goes with Suspension ? | SHAKE WELL |
| What auxiliary label goes with Ointments, creams, and lotions | FOR EXTERNAL USE ONLY |
| Amber vials | protect the medication from light |
| light-resistant container | protects the contents from the effects of light |
| A hermetic container | is impervious to air and gas |
| tamper-evident package | is a container or individual carton of a sterile article, intended for ophthalmic or otic use, that is sealed so that the contents cannot be used without obvious destruction of the seal |
| A well-closed container | Protects the contents from other solids and from loss of the article under normal conditions. |
| A tight container | Protects the contents from contamination by liquids, solids, and vapors. |
| USP <795> | establishes nonsterile compounding requirements under |
| 1 tsp is how many ml? | 5 ml |
| 1 tbsp is how many ml ? | 15 ml |
| what does a 5 % solution means ? | 5 ml over 100 ml , 5ml/100ml |
| 140 lbs is how many Kg ? | 63.6 KG |
| Neonates | birth to 1 month of age |
| infants | range from 1 month to 1 year of age |
| Early childhood | from 1 to 5 years of age |
| late childhood | 6 to 12 years of age |
| adolescence | 13 to 17 years of age |
| Clarks Rule | Takes the child’s weight expressed in pounds over 150 and multiplies that result by the adult dose. |
| Fried’s rule | uses the age in months over 150 multiplied by the adult dose. |
| What are the advantages of solid dosage forms ? | Easy to package, transport, store, and dispense; are convenient for self-dosing; generally lack smell or taste; and are suited for sustained- or delayed-release medications |
| Powders | Finely ground substances that can be administered internally or externally. Their chief disadvantages are their taste and that they are not stable when exposed to the air. |
| Suppositories | solid dosage forms to be inserted in body orifices, such as the rectum, vagina, or urethra. |
| Lozenges, troches, and pastilles | solid dosage forms with flavoring that dissolve in the mouth. |
| What is the disadvantage of liquid dosage form? | May require preservatives to prevent bacteria or mold from developing. |
| What are the advantages of liquid dosage forms ? | Easier to swallow than a solid dosage form for many patients Uniformity and flexibility of dosage form in dosing Effective more quickly than a solid dosage form because the drug is already dissolved |
| Effervescent salts | granules or powders; when dissolved in water, they effervesce and release carbon dioxide |
| Pellets | are generally small cylinders that are implanted subcutaneously for continuous absorption. |
| spirit | an alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution containing volatile aromatic ingredients |
| elixir | is a clear, sweetened, flavored hydroalcoholic solution, that may or may not be medicated |
| liniment | may be an emulsion or alcoholic or oleaginous solution that is applied through rubbing |
| syrup | likely to contain sucrose |
| douche | an irrigating or bathing solution |
| Lotion | liquid for topical application that contains insoluble solids or liquids |
| Emulsion | one liquid is dispersed in another liquid; may be water in oil (w/o) or oil in water (o/w) |
| Gel | A two-phase system containing an extremely fine solid particle; when mixed, it is difficult to distinguish between the two phases, and it is considered a semisolid form |
| Suspension | a two-phase system in which solid particles are dispersed in a liquid vehicle that may be oral, topical, or injectable |
| spray | dosage form that consists of a container with a valve assembly that, when activated, will emit a dispersion of liquid, solid, or gaseous materia |
| nebule | does not contain a valve assembly. |
| Blending | an act of combining two substances |
| Comminution | an act of reducing a substance to small, fine particles |
| Geometric dilution | a technique used in mixing two ingredients of unequal quantities in which one begins with the smallest quantity and adds an equal quantity of the ingredient having the larger amount; the process continues until all of the ingredients are used |
| Levigation | trituration of a powder drug with a solvent in which the drug is insoluble with the solvent |
| Sifting | a technique to either blend or combine powders |
| Pulverization by intervention | reducing the size of a particle in a solid with the aid of an additional material |
| Trituration | a process of rubbing, grinding, or pulverizing a powder to create fine particles |
| Tumbling | combining powders in a bag and shaking it |
| What to remember about capsule size | Inversely proportional , the smaller the number the bigger the capsule . |
| What are the advantages of using an automation ? | Increased safety, improved time management for pharmacy staff, and managing and tracking inventory. |
| in hospital . | Pyxis |
| Example of automated dispensing system that are used in Community Pharmacy . | Baker Cells, Kirby Lester, and Parata |
Created by:
mparcasio