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History Ch. 13

Everything from Ch. 13 Notes

TermDefinition
Prester John African king who wanted to help Europeans stop the Muslims
cartographers mapmakers; updated sailing charts based on reports of traders and fisherman
Compass created by the Chinese; magnetized needle floating in a bowl of water on a piece of reed or cork
Latitude astrolabe, quadrant, and cross-staff measured the angle between the sun and a star
caravel versatile ship; had masts with large square sails and smaller triangular sails
Prince Henry the Navigator started a school for navigation on the coast of Portugal
Bartolomeau Dias sent down the coast of Africa to find a new sea route to India
Vasco de Gama reached India making him the first European to reach India by sailing around Africa
Christopher Columbus believed that he could reach India by sailing west
October 12, 1492 Columbus spotted land and named it San Salvador
Line of Demarcation north-south line in the Atlantic Ocean giving Spain the rights to land west and Portugal east of the line
Ferdinand Magellan tried to find a sea route westward to India and China
Vasco Nunez de Balboa first European to see the Pacific Ocean which he names the South Sea
Hernando Cortes landed on the shore of Mexico
Francisco Pizarro cruelest of the conquistadors; found the city of Lima
Atahulapa Inca ruler who was held for ransom by Pizarro
Bartolome de las Casas supported the idea of giving people the choice to convert to Catholicism rather than being forced
Hernando de Soto landed near Tampa Bay, Florida searching for golden cities
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado led an expedition from Mexico into New Mexico, Arizona, Kansas, and Texas
Jacques Cartier first great French explorer
Samuel de Champlain sailed up the St. Lawrence River and founded the city of Quebec
Jaques Marquette explored the Mississippi River Valley and called the Mississippi Valley Louisiana after King Louis XIV
Louis Joliet friend of Jacques Marquette who helped him explore the Mississippi River Valley
Henry Hudson explored the northeastern coast of America
John Cabot first European after the Vikings to set foot on North American mainland
Jamestown first permanent English settlement in the New World
John Smith founded Jamestown in 1607
Pedro Cabral travelled after de Gama and set up trading posts around India
Afonso de Albuquerque viceroy (governor) who discouraged cruelty to the natives of India
Francis Xavier a Jesuit missionary to Japan
Mercantilism believed that the newly found wealth should benefit the mother country
Capitalism believed that wealth should be used by individuals
companies pooled resources of several people who then split gain or loss
joint-stock where people invested money in such companies and were issued stock certificates showing how much they invested
capital use for investment in business ventures
dividends payments based on the amount a person invested
prospectus details of a proposed business venture
underwriter used today to describe an insurance company
Created by: Adilyn B
 

 



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