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Chapter 5

TermDefinition
Low Birth Weight (LBW) Can result in a variety of behavioral and medical problems, including intellectual disabilities. Because most babies with LBW are pre-mature.
Prader-Willi Syndrome Is the result of a genetic abnormally but very few cased are inherited. Prader-Willi Syndrome has two distinct phases. Infants are lethargic and have difficulty eating. However at 1, they become obsessed with food.
Sleep Apnea cessation of breathing while sleeping.
Scoliosis curvature of the spine.
Williams Syndrome caused by the absence of material on the seventh pair of chromosomes. people with Williams syndrome have intellectual disabilities in the mild to moderate range.
Inborn errors of metabolism. result from inherited deficiencies in enzymes used to metabolize basic substances in the body, such as amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, or trace elements.
phenylketonuria PKU PKU involves the inability of the body to convert a common dietary substance, phenylalanine to tyrosine; the consequent accumulation of phenylalanine results in abnormal brain development.
Microcephalus the head is abnormally small and conical in shape. The intellectual inability that results usually ranges from severe to profound.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders FASD include a range of disorders in children born to women who has consumed alcohol while pregnant.
Fetal alcohol syndrome FAS a severe case where they are characterized with abnormal facial features and growth retardation.
Hydrocephalus results from the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid inside or outside the brain. The blockage of the circulation of the fluid results in a buildup of excessive pressure on the brain and enlargement of the skull.
Mental age the age level at which a person is functioning.
meningitis is an infection of the covering of the brain that may be caused by a variety of bacterial or viral agents.
encephalitis an inflammation of the brain, results more often in intellectual disabilities cand usually affects intelligence more severely.
functional acaedmics teaching academics in the context of daily living skills.
sheltered workplace structured environment in which a person receives training and works with other workers with disabilities on jobs requiring relatively low skills.
supported competitive employment a structured environment in which a person receives training and works with other workers with disabilities on jobs requiring relatively low skills.
self-determination the ability to act autonomously.
learned helplessness people with intellectual disabilities often find it difficult to become self-determined. They learn self-vulnerability.
chromosomal disorders includes down syndrome, fragile x syndrom, prada-willi, etc.
WHO the world health organization. takes care of US. health.
AAIDD The American Association on Intellectual and Developmental disabilities defines intellectual disability as many things, such as that disability originates before age 18. that it is has significant limitations.
intellectual disabilities is now used by many to refer to persons who, in the past, would have been designed as mentally retarded.
prenatal screening is available for down syndrome and other conditions.
prevention programs are for those who are at risk of developing mild intellectual disabilities.
adaptive behavior measures usually involve a parent, teacher, and or other professional answering questions related to the student's independence and daily living.
Created by: Emmaleeg
 

 



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