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PBS VOCABULARY 2.1.3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| * Otoscope | Ear-Scope A flashlight with a cone for looking inside ears. |
| * Structures of the Ear | The mechanical system that turns sound waves into electrical signals. |
| * Ear Canal | the tunnel The hallway leading to the eardrum. |
| * Tympanic Membrane | The Drum A thin sheet that vibrates when sound hits it. |
| * Ossicles | The Bones (Hammer, Anvil, Stirrup) A trio of tiny bones that amplify vibrations. |
| * Eustachian Tube | Pressure Valve A drainage pipe that levels out ear pressure. |
| * Cochlea | The Snail (due to its shape) A fluid-filled "snail" that processes sound. |
| * Semicircular Canals | The Gyroscope (controls balance) Loops of fluid that tell your brain which way is "up." |
| * Acute Otitis Media | Ear Infection A sudden, painful buildup of fluid behind the eardrum. |
| * Ophthalmoscope | Eye-Scope (Ophthal = Eye) A high-powered magnifying glass for the back of the eye. |
| * Visual Accuity | Sharpness (How clear you see) A measurement of how well you see small details at a distance. |
| * Conjunctivitis | Pink Eye Irritation of the clear "skin" covering the white of the eye. |
| * 4 Signs of Inflammation | |
| * Redness | Increased blood flow rushing to the "crime scene." |
| * Swelling | Fluid leaking into tissues to bring in repair cells. |
| * Heat | Speeding up chemical reactions to fight infection. |
| * Pain | The body's "alarm system" telling you something is wrong. |
| * Structures of the Oral Cavity | |
| * Tonsils | The Guards (Immune defense) Lymph nodes that act as a "security gate" for your throat. |
| * Uvula | The Punching Bag (Hanging in the back) A small muscle that helps seal off the nose when you swallow. |
| * Pharynx | The Throat The shared "lobby" for both food and air. |
| * Tongue | The Mover A powerful muscle for tasting, talking, and tossing food back. |
| * Skin Cancer Screening (Mole Checks) | |
| * Asymmetry | Lopsided One half doesn't match the other. |
| * Boarder | Jagged Edges that are blurry, notched, or ragged. |
| * Color | Multi-toned Having multiple shades of brown, black, or red in one spot. |
| * Diameter | Pencil Eraser (larger than 6mm) Any spot wider than a standard pencil eraser. |
| * Evolving | Changing A mole that changes size, shape, or starts to itch/bleed. |
| * Malignant | Deadly Cells that have lost control and want to spread. |
| * Melanoma | Deadly The most serious, fast-spreading type of skin cancer. |
| * Benign | Harmless A growth that stays in its lane and isn't dangerous. |
| * Auscultation | Listening The art of listening to the body’s internal "music." |
| * Intercostal Space | Rib-Gap The soft "window" between ribs where sounds are clearest. |
| * Lub-Dub | The Rhythm The sound of "doors" (valves) slamming shut. |
| * S1 & S2 sounds | The Snap (Closure of valves) S1 is the "Lub" (start of pump); S2 is the "Dub" (end of pump). |
| * Murmur | The Whoosh (Turbulent flow) The sound of blood "leaking" or "spraying" through a valve. |
| * Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) | The Skip (An extra/early beat) A "hiccup" in the heart's electrical timing. |
| * Aortic Valve | The one-way "trap doors" of the heart. |
| * Pulmonic Valve | The one-way "trap doors" of the heart. |
| * Tricuspid Valve | The one-way "trap doors" of the heart. |
| * Mitral Valve | The one-way "trap doors" of the heart. |
| * Aorta / Atria | The Entry (Upper chambers) The "Main Highway" that sends blood to the whole body. |
| * Ventricle(s) | The Pumps (Lower, muscular chambers) The "Heavy Lifters" that squeeze blood out to the body/lungs. |
| * Abnormal Lung Sounds | |
| * Wheezing | The Whistle (High-pitched/constricted) Air trying to squeeze through a narrowed straw. |
| * Crackles (Rales) | The Bubbles (Popping/fluid) The sound of tiny Velcro strips pulling apart. |
| * Rhonchi | The Snore (Low-pitched/mucus) A "grumbling" sound caused by mucus in the big pipes. |
| * Stridor | The Gasp (Upper airway blockage—emergency!) A high-pitched "crowing" sound from a blocked throat. |
| * Trachea | Windpipe The sturdy, armored "main pipe" for air. |
| * Larynx | Voice Box The "valve" that protects the lungs and makes sound. |
| * Lungs | Two elastic sponges that swap gas for life. |
| * Bronchus / Bronchi | Main Branches The two main "forks in the road" for air. |
| * Bronchioles | Twigs The tiny "twigs" that lead to the air sacs. |
| * Alveoli | Air Sacs (Grapes) Microscopic "balloons" where oxygen enters the blood. |
| * Pleura | Lung Lining The "lubricated sleeve" that lets lungs slide against the ribs. |
| * Diaphragm | The Floor (Breathing muscle) The "piston" muscle that pulls air into the chest. |
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