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Biology 2 - C03 - 02

🧬📗3️⃣3️⃣3️⃣ Module 3 - Classification Timeline (Kingdoms → Domains) - 002

QuestionAnswer
What are the two kingdoms in the earliest classification system? Kingdom Plantae and Kingdom Animalia.
What are the characteristics of Kingdom Plantae in the two‑kingdom system? Multicellular, photosynthetic, cellulose cell walls, autotrophic.
What are the characteristics of Kingdom Animalia in the two‑kingdom system? Multicellular, no cell walls, capable of movement, heterotrophic.
Who proposed the three‑kingdom system? Ernst Haeckel.
What new kingdom was added in the three‑kingdom system? Kingdom Protista.
What organisms belong to Kingdom Protista? Unicellular and simple multicellular eukaryotes like algae and amoebas.
Why was the three‑kingdom system considered incomplete? Protista was too broad and did not reflect true evolutionary relationships.
Who proposed the five‑kingdom system? R.H. Whittaker.
What are the five kingdoms in Whittaker’s system? Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.
What organisms belong to Kingdom Monera? Unicellular prokaryotes such as bacteria.
What are the characteristics of Kingdom Fungi? Non‑motile, heterotrophic, chitin cell walls, decomposers.
What distinguishes Kingdom Plantae? Multicellular, photosynthetic, cellulose cell walls.
What distinguishes Kingdom Animalia? Multicellular, heterotrophic, capable of movement.
Why was the five‑kingdom system revised later? Molecular evidence showed deeper differences among prokaryotes.
Who proposed the three‑domain system? Carl Woese.
What evidence did Woese use to classify organisms? rRNA nucleotide sequences.
What are the three domains? Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya.
What are characteristics of Domain Bacteria? Unicellular prokaryotes without membrane‑bound organelles.
What are characteristics of Domain Archaea? Unicellular prokaryotes with unique biochemistry, often extremophiles.
What are characteristics of Domain Eukarya? Eukaryotic cells with a true nucleus and membrane‑bound organelles.
 

 



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