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Biology 2 - C03 - 01
🧬📗3️⃣3️⃣3️⃣ Module 3 --Taxonomy, Systematics, and Basic Concepts -- 001
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is taxonomy? | The science of identifying, describing, classifying, and naming organisms. |
| What is a taxon? | A group of organisms that share a set of traits. |
| What is classification? | The process of naming and assigning organisms to taxa. |
| Who is a taxonomist? | A scientist who studies taxonomy and classifies living organisms. |
| What is systematics? | The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms using multiple data types. |
| What is phylogenetics? | The study of evolutionary history and patterns of descent among species. |
| What is a phylogeny? | An evolutionary family tree showing relationships among taxa. |
| What is cladistics? | A method that groups organisms based on shared, derived traits (synapomorphies). |
| What is a clade? | A monophyletic group containing a common ancestor and all its descendants. |
| What is a synapomorphy? | A shared, derived characteristic used to define clades. |
| What are natural groups? | Groups based on shared evolutionary ancestry rather than superficial traits. |
| Who created the Linnaean classification system? | Carolus Linnaeus. |
| What is binomial nomenclature? | A two‑part scientific naming system using genus and species epithet. |
| How is the genus written in binomial names? | Capitalized and italicized (or underlined when handwritten). |
| How is the species epithet written? | Lowercase and italicized (or underlined when handwritten). |
| What is the purpose of binomial nomenclature? | To provide a universal, standardized naming system for species. |
| What are the major taxonomic ranks? | Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Domain. |
| What does the classification hierarchy represent? | Nested categories showing evolutionary relationships. |
| What is DNA barcoding? | A technique that identifies species using short, standardized DNA sequences. |
| Which gene is used for DNA barcoding in animals? | The mitochondrial COI gene. |