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Biology 2 - C03 - 01

🧬📗3️⃣3️⃣3️⃣ Module 3 --Taxonomy, Systematics, and Basic Concepts -- 001

QuestionAnswer
What is taxonomy? The science of identifying, describing, classifying, and naming organisms.
What is a taxon? A group of organisms that share a set of traits.
What is classification? The process of naming and assigning organisms to taxa.
Who is a taxonomist? A scientist who studies taxonomy and classifies living organisms.
What is systematics? The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms using multiple data types.
What is phylogenetics? The study of evolutionary history and patterns of descent among species.
What is a phylogeny? An evolutionary family tree showing relationships among taxa.
What is cladistics? A method that groups organisms based on shared, derived traits (synapomorphies).
What is a clade? A monophyletic group containing a common ancestor and all its descendants.
What is a synapomorphy? A shared, derived characteristic used to define clades.
What are natural groups? Groups based on shared evolutionary ancestry rather than superficial traits.
Who created the Linnaean classification system? Carolus Linnaeus.
What is binomial nomenclature? A two‑part scientific naming system using genus and species epithet.
How is the genus written in binomial names? Capitalized and italicized (or underlined when handwritten).
How is the species epithet written? Lowercase and italicized (or underlined when handwritten).
What is the purpose of binomial nomenclature? To provide a universal, standardized naming system for species.
What are the major taxonomic ranks? Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Domain.
What does the classification hierarchy represent? Nested categories showing evolutionary relationships.
What is DNA barcoding? A technique that identifies species using short, standardized DNA sequences.
Which gene is used for DNA barcoding in animals? The mitochondrial COI gene.
 

 



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