Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere, Biosphere

absorbs radiation, soil and tectonic plates

interact with all other spheres, changes landscape, and is for living organisms

matter, substances, can not go out and come in

energy and matter can go out and come in

never intersect each other, run in an east-west, measure distance north-south of the equator, are equal length, known as parallels

slices the planet into northern hemispheres and southern hemisphere; northern hemisphere has has positive latitude and southern hemisphere has negative latitude

the reference line for longitude; it creates the eastern and western hemisphere. Longitude is positive in the eastern hemisphere and negative in western hemisphere; 0 degrees

are farthest apart at the equator and meet at the poles, cross the equator at right angles, run in a north-south direction, measure distance east-west of the primer meridian, are known as meridians

What are the six time zones of the United States?

Hawaii +10hrs Alaska +9hrs Pacific +8hrs Mountain +7hrs Central +6hrs Eastern +5hrs

Spring Equinox (March 20)

Sun declination is at the equator; the northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere have equal days and nights; 23.5N is the max movement and 23.5 in the south; the range would be 47 degrees

Summer Solstice (June 21)

The sun’s declination is 23.5 N; the southern hemisphere has a shorter day; northern hemisphere has a longer day; It’s 24hrs day in the arctic circle 66.5 N degrees to the north pole; 24hrs dark in antarctic circle 66.5S to south pole

Winter Solstice (December 21)

sun’s declination is at the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5 S); Day is longer in the southern hemisphere and shorter in the northern hemisphere.

Graphic Scale, Verbal Scale, and Representative Fraction

How to interpret scale?

Large scale = smaller area, larger details Small scale = larger area, smaller details

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GY 101 Test 1

Term	Definition
Earth's Four Spheres	Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere, Biosphere
Atmosphere	gas and water vapor
Hydrosphere	gas, ocean, and rivers
Lithosphere	absorbs radiation, soil and tectonic plates
Biosphere	interact with all other spheres, changes landscape, and is for living organisms
Closed System	matter, substances, can not go out and come in
Open System	energy and matter can go out and come in
Three Major Map Projections	cylindrical, conical, planar
Latitude	never intersect each other, run in an east-west, measure distance north-south of the equator, are equal length, known as parallels
Equator	slices the planet into northern hemispheres and southern hemisphere; northern hemisphere has has positive latitude and southern hemisphere has negative latitude
Prime Meridian	the reference line for longitude; it creates the eastern and western hemisphere. Longitude is positive in the eastern hemisphere and negative in western hemisphere; 0 degrees
Longitude	are farthest apart at the equator and meet at the poles, cross the equator at right angles, run in a north-south direction, measure distance east-west of the primer meridian, are known as meridians
International Date Line	180 degree longitude
Tropic of Cancer	23.5°N
Tropic of Capricorn	23.5°S
Arctic Circle	66.5°N
Antarctic Circle	66.5°S
What are the six time zones of the United States?	Hawaii +10hrs Alaska +9hrs Pacific +8hrs Mountain +7hrs Central +6hrs Eastern +5hrs
Spring Equinox (March 20)	Sun declination is at the equator; the northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere have equal days and nights; 23.5N is the max movement and 23.5 in the south; the range would be 47 degrees
Summer Solstice (June 21)	The sun’s declination is 23.5 N; the southern hemisphere has a shorter day; northern hemisphere has a longer day; It’s 24hrs day in the arctic circle 66.5 N degrees to the north pole; 24hrs dark in antarctic circle 66.5S to south pole
Winter Solstice (December 21)	sun’s declination is at the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5 S); Day is longer in the southern hemisphere and shorter in the northern hemisphere.
Types of Scales	Graphic Scale, Verbal Scale, and Representative Fraction
How to interpret scale?	Large scale = smaller area, larger details Small scale = larger area, smaller details
Cylindrical Projection is best for...	Tropical Locations
Conical Projection is best for...	Midlatitudes
Planar Projection is best for...	Polar Regions

Created by: Portobello

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