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Test 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is inclusion? | 1. A variety of special service delivery options be available for those with disabilities in the classroom. |
| What is normalization? | 1. "Means which are as culturally normative as possible, in order to establish and/or maintain personal behaviors, and characteristics which are culturally normative as possible". 2. Normalization breaks barriers for those with disabilities. |
| What is an exceptional learner? | Those who require special education services to reach their full potential. Many individuals with disabilities require special education, while some do not. |
| What is special education? | Specifically designed instruction that meets the unusual needs of an exceptional student, such as special materials, techniques, and equipment and/or facilities. 2. Placement in environments closest to the general education classroom in format. |
| What is FAPE? | Free Appropriate Public Education. Every student with a disability has access to public education at no cost to the parents/guardians. |
| What is ETR? | Evaluation Team Report. A comprehensive, written document in special education that determines if a student (ages 3–21) has a disability and requires special services. |
| What is inclusion? | Being part of a group or collection. |
| What is multicultural education? | an educational construct that addresses cultural diversity, equity in schools, justice, and democracy. |
| What is diversity? | This refers to differences and experiences that occur in a group where on person or experience is different. |
| What is an exceptionality group? | A group sharing a set of special abilities or disabilities that are especially valued or that require special accommodation within a given subculture. |
| What is high-incidence disabilities? | frequently occurring, often-invisible conditions like learning disabilities (LD), speech/language impairments, ADHD, mild intellectual disabilities, and emotional/behavioral disorders (EBD). |
| What is low-incidence disabilities? | rare, severe, or complex conditions affecting less than 1% of the school-aged population. |
| What is the sheltered-English approach? | Students receive instruction in English for most of the school day |
| What is sheltered-English approach part 2? | Grade-level academic content understandable for English Language Learners while simultaneously building their English proficiency, by modifying instruction w/ scaffolding, visuals, cooperative learning, & simplified language. They learn together. |
| What is class wide peer tutoring? | When the whole class is involved in the peer tutoring. |
| What are modifications? | Takes the form of amended materials or assignments and differ from changes in curricula or instructional strategies. |
| What are accommodations? | Changes in instruction that doesn't significantly change the difficulty of the material. |
| What are tiered assignments? | An example of adaptations where a teacher provides choices of varying difficulty for assignments on a single topic. |
| What is Prevalence? | The percentage of a population or number of individuals having a particular exceptionality. |
| What is IDEA? | Disabilities Education Act. a U.S. federal law ensuring free, appropriate public education (FAPE) for eligible children with disabilities, providing them with special education services, protections, and the creation of IEPS. |
| What is ADA? | Americans with Disabilities Act. Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in communications (telecommunications), transportation, public accommodations, state and local government, and employment. 2. It protects civil rights. |
| What is Deinstitutionalization ? | 1. Breaking down barriers for those with disabilities in activities with nonhandicapped individuals. 2. Deinstitutionalization movement in the 20th century. |
| What are screening instruments? | To identify certain students who may be at increased risk of school failure. |
| What is progress monitoring? | Data is collected regularly. The systematic, ongoing process of collecting, graphing, and analyzing data to measure a student’s academic, behavioral, or functional performance |
| What is justice? | Broadening students' perspectives by exposing them to different opinions with respect to real-world issues such as sexism, racism, and poverty |
| What is equity? | Everyone gets what they need, not that everyone gets the same thing. |
| What is IEP? | Individualized Education Program. 2. A written individualized education program prepared for each student with a disability (including their long term goals, services, extent of participation in gen ed. classroom, etc.). |
| What is LRE? | 1. Least Restrictive Environment. 2. The student is educated with the least restrictive environment consistent with their educational needs |
| What is RTI? | Response to intervention. How a student changes (academic performance and behavior) due to the instruction (intervention). How they react. |
| What is CBM? | A form of progress monitoring. It involves students' responses to their usual instructional materials. |
| What is handicap? | A disadvantage imposed on the individual. |
| What is disability? | The inability to do something (an impairment). |
| What is Peer-mediated instruction? | Research-based instructional strategies to enhance the integration of students with disabilities. |