The AADD has endorsed seven different definitions, with each successive clarified clarification reflecting a more cautious approach to design designating someone as mentally retarded or intellectually disabled

It was a common practice to diagnose individuals intellectually disabled solely on the basis of an IQ score. Today, we recognize the IQ test are genuinely accurate but not perfect

Maternal serum screening

Blood test that used to check for "markers" such as certain proteins, in the mother's blood that suggest the increased likelihood of down syndrome

Nuchal translucency ultrasound

This allows the physician to see the fluid from behind the fetus's neck

A sample of fluid from the sack around the baby is analyzed for certain proteins that are possible markers for down syndrome

Usually not in inherited condition. Down syndrome involves an anomaly at the 21st pair of chromosomes.

A condition in which the spinal column fails to close properly while in the womb.

Most common known hereditary cause of intellectual disabilities

Prater Willie syndrome

A result of a genetic abnormality, but very few cases are inherited.

Caused by the absence of material on the seventh pair of chromosomes.

Inborn errors of metabolism

Result from inherited deficiencies and enzymes used to metabolize basic substances in the body, such as amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, or trace elements

Results from an accumulation of cerebrospinal spinal fluid inside or outside the brain

Environmental influences

Variety of environmental factors can affect a woman who is pregnant and their body affect the development of the baby she is carrying.

Fetal Alcohol spectrum disorders

This includes a range of disorders and children born to women who have consumed alcohol while pregnant.

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Children with FAS are characterized by variety of abnormal facial features and growth retardation, as well as intellectual disabilities. Mothers must refrain from drinking alcohol while pregnant

Can result in a variety of behavioral and medical problems, including intellectual disabilities.

Deinstitutionalization movement

Resulted in the closing of many large residential institutions in favor of the more integrated living conditions we see today

The ability to act autonomous sleeve, be self regulated, acting a psychologically empowered manner, and acting a self realized manner.

People with intellectual disabilities often find a difficult to become self-determined.

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Chapter 5

Question	Answer
AAIDD	The AADD has endorsed seven different definitions, with each successive clarified clarification reflecting a more cautious approach to design designating someone as mentally retarded or intellectually disabled
Adaptive behavior	It was a common practice to diagnose individuals intellectually disabled solely on the basis of an IQ score. Today, we recognize the IQ test are genuinely accurate but not perfect
Prenatal	Before birth
Perinatal	At the time of birth
Postnatal	After birth
Maternal serum screening	Blood test that used to check for "markers" such as certain proteins, in the mother's blood that suggest the increased likelihood of down syndrome
Nuchal translucency ultrasound	This allows the physician to see the fluid from behind the fetus's neck
Aminocentisis	A sample of fluid from the sack around the baby is analyzed for certain proteins that are possible markers for down syndrome
Down syndrome	Usually not in inherited condition. Down syndrome involves an anomaly at the 21st pair of chromosomes.
Spina bifida	A condition in which the spinal column fails to close properly while in the womb.
Fragile X syndrome	Most common known hereditary cause of intellectual disabilities
Prater Willie syndrome	A result of a genetic abnormality, but very few cases are inherited.
Williams syndrome	Caused by the absence of material on the seventh pair of chromosomes.
Inborn errors of metabolism	Result from inherited deficiencies and enzymes used to metabolize basic substances in the body, such as amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, or trace elements
Hydrocephalus	Results from an accumulation of cerebrospinal spinal fluid inside or outside the brain
Environmental influences	Variety of environmental factors can affect a woman who is pregnant and their body affect the development of the baby she is carrying.
Fetal Alcohol spectrum disorders	This includes a range of disorders and children born to women who have consumed alcohol while pregnant.
Fetal alcohol syndrome	Children with FAS are characterized by variety of abnormal facial features and growth retardation, as well as intellectual disabilities. Mothers must refrain from drinking alcohol while pregnant
Low birthweight	Can result in a variety of behavioral and medical problems, including intellectual disabilities.
Deinstitutionalization movement	Resulted in the closing of many large residential institutions in favor of the more integrated living conditions we see today
Self determination	The ability to act autonomous sleeve, be self regulated, acting a psychologically empowered manner, and acting a self realized manner.
Learn helplessness	People with intellectual disabilities often find a difficult to become self-determined.

Created by: parkerpenrod

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