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Comparative politics
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| Politics | Public-oriented, applies to everyone, varies across space and time, authoritative, competition for public power |
| Idiotis | Person who is only interested in the private sphere |
| Governments | Organisations of individuals who are legally empowered to make binding decisions on behalf of a particular community. |
| State | Organization that maintains monopoly of force over a given territory; a set of political institutions that generates and executes policy |
| Regime | Fundamental norms and rules of politics regarding where power should reside and how it should be used |
| Constitution | Basic rulebook for a state that limits the powers of all authorities, including the legislators, and recognizes citizens common fundamental rights |
| Identity | The fact of being what or who a person is; con be separate from one another or nested/embeded (hand in hand) |
| Ethnical identity | National identity, group characteristics, sense of belonging |
| Nation | People with a common culture and history that produce an identity |
| Political violence | Violence outside of state control that is politically motivated |
| Political ideology | The basic values held by an individual about the fundamental goals of politics |
| Democracy | A political system in which political power is exercised either directly or indirectly by the people |
| Developed democracy | A country with institutionalized democracy and a high level of economic development |
| Separation of powers | The clean division of power among different government branches |
| Judicial review | The power of court to declare a law or regulation to be invalid because it is in conflict with the constitution of a country |
| Legal cultures | Deeply-rooted, historically conditioned attitudes about the role of law in society |
| Political parties | Organizations that seek to place their designated representative in governmental positions |
| Endogeneity | A situation where the effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable cannot be interpreted causally due to the presence of omitted causes, leading to biased estimates. |
| Modernisation theory | Paradigm arguing that as societies become more economically developed, industrial, and educated, they inevitably transition from "traditional" to "modern," rational, and liberal democratic states. |
| Behavior revolution | Shift in focus from studying formal institutions and legal structures to analyzing the empirical, observable behavior of individuals and group. |
| Institutions | Studies the formal and informal rules, practices, and regularities at both the domestic and international level that guide and constrain political choices and activities. |
| Federalism | System of government that divides power between a central (national) authority and constituent regional units (states, provinces). |
| Microlevel approach | focuses on the individual, small groups, or specific interpersonal interactions to explain broader political behaviors and outcomes. |
| Macrolevel approach | Analyzes large-scale political phenomena, systems, and structures—such as nations, international relations, or massive institutions. |
| Asymmetric federalism | A federal system where power, autonomy, and legislative competencies are unevenly divided among subnational units (e.g., states, provinces, regions). |
| Nationalism | Ideology and movement holding that the nation—a group sharing common culture, language, or history—should be congruent with the sovereign state, ensuring self-determination and loyalty to the nation-state above other interests. |
| Conservatism | Political philosophy and ideology advocating for the preservation of traditional social institutions, practices, and values, emphasizing stability, continuity, and gradual, organic change rather than radical reform. It prioritizes order, hierarchy, author |
| Liberalism | Philosophy centered on the protection of individual liberty, rights, and equality through limited government, the rule of law, and consent of the governed. It prioritizes autonomy, private property, and free markets, aiming to create a just society where |
| Corruption | Abuse of entrusted power for private gain. |
| Fundamentalism | Modern movements advocating for a strict, literal, and uncompromising adherence to foundational, "sacred" doctrines—religious, political, or social—to restructure society. |
| Revolution | Often violent overthrow of an existing political system, regime, or social order by popular mobilization, resulting in the establishment of a new government and, frequently, profound social, economic, and cultural transformation. |
| Guerrilla warfare | A form of irregular, unconventional combat where small, mobile groups—including insurgents, partisans, or armed civilians—use hit-and-run tactics, sabotage, and ambush to harass, weaken, and exhaust larger, traditional military or police forces. |
| Terrorism | The premeditated, calculated use of violence or threat of violence against non-combatants (civilians) to generate fear and coerce a government, population, or group into achieving political, ideological, or religious objectives. |
| Proportional representation | An electoral system in which parties gain seats in proportion to the number of votes cast for them. |
Created by:
DylanTheLazyGoose