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Epithelial Tissue

Chapter 4 - A & P Lecture

QuestionAnswer
what are key characteristics of epithelial tissue? mostly cells, little extracellular matrix, avascular, high regeneration
what surfaces does epithelium have? apical (free), basal, lateral
what is the basement membrane? layer that connects epithelium to connective tissue
why is epithelial tissue avascular? lacks blood vessels, nutrients diffuse form connective tissue
name 5 functions of epithelial tissue? protection, barrier formation, secretion, absorption, passage of substances
what is simple epithelium? one layer of cells
what is stratified epithelium? multiple layers of cells
what is pseudostratified columnar epithelium? appears stratified but all cells touch basement membrane
what is transitional epithelium? stratified epithelium that changes shape when stretched
what are the 3 epithelial cell shapes? squamous, cuboidal, columnar
structure of simple squamous epithelium? single layer of flat cells
function of simple squamous epithelium? diffusion, filtration, protection
location of simple squamous epithelium? blood vessels, alveoli, serous membranes
structure of simple cuboidal epithelium? single layer of cube-shaped cells
function of simple cuboidal epithelium? secretion and absorption
location of simple cuboidal epithelium? kidney tubules, glands, ovaries
structure of simple columnar epithelium? single layer of tall cells
function of simple columnar epithelium? absorption, secretion, movement via cilia
location of simple columnar epithelium? stomach, intestines, uterus
key feature of pseudostratified columnar epithelium? cilia & goblet
function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium? mucus secretion & movement
location of pseudostratified columnar epithelium? trachea, bronchi ,nasal cavity
function of stratified squamous epithelium? protection against abrasion and infection
difference between keratinized and nonkeratinized? keratinized has dead, keratin-filled cells; nonkeratinized has nucleus & membrane
location of stratified squamous epithelium? skin, mouth, esophagus
function of stratified cuboidal epithelium? protection, secretion
location of stratified cuboidal epithelium? sweat glands ducts, salivary glands
function of stratified columnar epithelium? protection & secretion
location of stratified columnar epithelium? mammary gland ducts, male urethra
special feature of transitional epithelium? changes shape when stretched
location of transitional epithelium? urinary bladder, ureters
what are desmosomes? strong junctions that bind cells under stress
what are hemidesmosomes? attach cells to basement membrane
what are tight junctions? form permeability barriers
what are gap junctions channels for cell-to-cell communication
difference between endocrine and exocrine glands? endocrine are ductless; exocrine sue ducts
what are goblet cells? unicellular exocrine glands that secrete mucus
3 modes of exocrine secretion? merocrine, apocrine, holocrine
 

 



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