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Unit 4 vocab biology

TermDefinition
Codominance When both alleles are fully expressed at the same time (ex: red and white hairs both show).
Dihybrid A cross that looks at two different traits at once.
Dominant An allele that masks a recessive allele when present.
Gene A section of DNA that codes for a specific trait.
Genetics The study of heredity and traits.
Heterozygous Having two different alleles for a trait (Aa).
Homozygous Having two identical alleles for a trait (AA or aa).
Hybrid An organism that is heterozygous for a trait.
Incomplete Dominance When alleles blend to create a mixed phenotype (red + white = pink).
Karyotype A picture of all the chromosomes in a cell arranged in pairs.
Linked Genes Genes located close together on the same chromosome that are usually inherited together.
Monohybrid A cross that looks at one trait.
Nondisjunction When chromosomes fail to separate properly during cell division.
Phenotype The physical appearance of a trait.
Polygenic Heredity Traits controlled by multiple genes (ex: height, skin color).
Punnett Square A chart used to predict offspring genotypes and phenotypes.
Recessive An allele that is hidden when a dominant allele is present.
Recombinant Offspring with a new combination of traits different from the parents.
Sex-Linked Inheritance Traits controlled by genes on the sex chromosomes.
Trait A characteristic passed from parents to offspring.
Testcross Crossing an organism with a recessive homozygote to find its genotype.
True Breeding Always produces offspring with the same trait when self-crossed.
X-Linked A trait carried on the X chromosome (more common in males).
Y-Linked A trait carried on the Y chromosome, only passed from father to son.
Created by: Cate P
 

 



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