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PHL01_CO2_Set #5

šŸ¤”šŸ“—2ļøāƒ£2ļøāƒ£ PHL01_CO2_Set 5 ā€” 40ā€‘Card MockExam Set - #5

QuestionAnswer
A priori knowledge Knowledge known independently of sense experience.
A posteriori knowledge Knowledge gained only after observation or sensory experience.
Proposition A statement that can be true or false.
Fact A verified proposition supported by evidence.
Claim A statement requiring further evaluation to determine truth.
Opinion A judgment or belief influenced by perspective or interpretation.
Belief A conviction not easily proven by facts alone.
Explanation A statement assuming a claim is true and giving reasons for it.
Correspondence Theory Truth is what matches objective reality.
Coherence Theory Truth is what fits consistently within a belief system.
Pragmatic Theory Truth is what is useful or beneficial in practice.
Constructivist Theory Truth is shaped by social norms and cultural acceptance.
Consensus Theory Truth is what a group collectively agrees is true.
Critical Thinking Evaluating information to form a reasoned, logical judgment.
Analytical Thinking Breaking information into parts to understand relationships and structure.
Why distinguish facts from opinions To avoid bias and improve clarity in reasoning.
Ad Hominem Attacking the person instead of addressing the argument.
Ad Baculum Using threat or force instead of logical reasoning.
Ad Populum Appealing to popularity as proof of truth.
Ad Verecundiam Appealing to authority rather than evidence.
Ad Ignorantiam Claiming something is true because it has not been proven false.
Ad Misericordiam Using pity or emotion to replace a valid argument.
Red Herring Introducing irrelevant information to distract from the issue.
Hasty Generalization Drawing a conclusion from insufficient evidence.
Dicto Simpliciter Applying a general rule to all cases without qualification.
Petitio Principii Circular reasoning; assuming what must be proven.
Fallacy of Composition Assuming what is true of a part is true of the whole.
Fallacy of Division Assuming what is true of the whole is true of its parts.
Correspondence Bias Judging personality solely based on actions, ignoring context.
Confirmation Bias Seeking information that supports existing beliefs.
Framing Bias Focusing on certain aspects of a problem while ignoring others.
Hindsight Bias Believing you ā€œknew it all alongā€ after an event occurs.
Conflict of Interest Bias caused by personal involvement or vested interest.
Cultural Bias Interpreting events based on oneā€™s cultural standards.
First Speaker Role Explains necessity or lack of necessity of the measure and conducts interpellation of the opposing first speaker.
Second Speaker Role Explains beneficiality or harmfulness of the measure and questions the opposing second speaker.
Third Speaker Role Argues practicality or impracticality of the measure and interpellates the opposing third speaker.
Researchers Role Assist speakers with research, speech writing, question formulation, and fallacy spotting.
Interpellation A structured questioning period used to challenge the opponentā€™s arguments and assumptions.
Purpose of Debate in CO2 Develops critical and analytical thinking through structured argumentation and evaluation.
Role of Evidence in Debate Strengthens claims, increases persuasiveness, and reduces bias.
 

 



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