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BIOL 2317 topic 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are polypeptides composed of | Amino acid chains |
| What is the genetic code? | Relationship between mRNA and amino acids thats translated 5' to 3' |
| What doe the genetic code produce? | Proteins that have an amino terminus and carboxyl terminus |
| How is the genetic code read? | In triplets, non overlapping, no gaps |
| Amino terminus | N terminus, first amino acid added |
| Carboxyl terminus | C terminus, last amino acid added |
| Evidence code is non overlapping. | 1. overlapping code would change three consecutive codons with each base mutation 2. Nonoverlapping code would change one codon with each base mutation |
| Polypeptide structures | Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary |
| Primary polypeptide structure | Sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain |
| Secondary polypeptide structure | Form due to hydrogen bonding between different amino acids in the chain, includes alpha helix and beta pleated sheet |
| Tertiary polypeptide structure | Results from R-group interaction of different amino acids, depends on primary and secondary structure |
| Quaternary polypeptide structure | Contains two or more polypeptides |
| Ribosomes essential tasks in all domains | 1. Bind mRNA and identify short codon 2. Facilitate complementary base pairing of mRNA codons and corresponding tRNA codons 3.Catalyze peptide bond formation |
| Ribosome composition | RNA and proteins |
| Peptidyl site | Hold tRNA to polypeptide its attached |
| Aminocyl site | Binds new tRNA containing ammino acid to be added to growing polypeptide chain |
| Exit site | Provides exit for tRNA after its amino acid has been added to the chain |