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Stack #4621933
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| microscopic organisms that cause disease | microbes |
| prokaryotes that can act as decomposers in extreme environments | archaea |
| a protein that attaches to specific cell surfaces | spike |
| an organic molecule that carries genetic information in the form of either DNAor RNA | nucleic acid |
| protein that cells produce after they have been infected with a virus; signals surrounding uninfected cells | interferon |
| Antibiotics control bacteria by: | directly killing them and slowing their growth |
| an infectious particle made only of abnormal proteins; tends to infect brains | prion |
| Methanosarcina mazei, found in anoxic, or very low-oxygen, environments, like swamps | methanogens |
| the collective DNA from the microorganisms that live on and in an organism | microbiome |
| the bacteria of our microbiome | microbiota |
| Pyrococcus furiosus lives in deep sea hydrothermal vents that reach temperatures well above water’s boiling point. | thermophiles |
| Halobacterium salinarum, found in salt-cured ham and water that is saltier than the ocean | halophiles |
| Sulfolobus acidocaldarius; prosper in hot and acidic conditions | acidophiles |
| prokaryotes; act as decomposers like archaea; help break down old cells, proteins, and lipids | bacteria |
| harmful microbes that might not cause disease under normal conditions are opportunistic _______ | pathogens |
| most common form of reproduction in bacteria; nucleoid replicates; then the cell divides, producing two identical cell | binary fission |
| a protein coat that surrounds the nucleic acid of a virus | capsid |
| found in water saltier than the ocean | acidophiles |
| are found near deep sea vents | thermophiles |
| are found in anaerobic environments | methanogens |
| the largest group of archaeans | methanogens |
| the most common form of reproduction in bacteria | binary fission |
| occurs when a bacterium takes a piece of DNA from its environment | transformation |
| produces two identical bacterial cells from one bacterial cell | binary fission |
| occurs when genetic info is transmitted from one bacterium to another by a bacteriophage | transduction |
| occurs when a plasmid is transferred from one bacterium to another using a pilus | conjugation |
| the first archaeans discovered | acidophiles |
| thrive in hot, acidic springs | acidophiles |
| the rapid infection and destruction of a host cell by a virus, resulting in more virus particles is the ______ cycle | lytic |
| bacteria don’t exchange genetic information; transfer is one-way; plasmid replicates and is transferred using a pilus | conjugation |
| the process of releasing viral particles from a cell | lysis |
| bacterium takes in a piece of bacterial DNA floating free in environment; expresses traits in the new piece of DNA | transformation |
| the transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another by a bacteriophage | transduction |
| a virus that infects bacteria | bacteriophage |
| a virus that can force a host cell to transcribe the viral RNA into the host’s DNA | retrovirus |
| bacteria that get their energy from dead and decaying matter | decomposers |
| a lipid bilayer that surrounds the capsid in some viruses | envelope |
| a small infectious agent that can reproduce only inside the living cells of another organism | virus |
Created by:
LayneIS