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Science First Exam

TermDefinition
Ethics What people believe is right vs. wrong
What are some examples of ethics Hippocratic oath, Personal beliefs about treating others, Utilitarianism
What are the 4 ethic concepts Anthropocentrism, Biocentrism, Ecocentrism, Environmental justice
Anthropocentrism Human-centered ; Environment matters because humans need it
What is an example of Anthropocentrism Strip mining protests on the Warrior River
Biocentrism All living things have equal rights to exist
What is an example of Biocentrism Protecting endangered species
Ecocentrism Entire ecosystem matters (living + nonliving) ; Ecosystem = biotic + abiotic
What is an example of Ecocentrism Oyster walls for coastal protection
Environmental Justice Fair treatment of all people regarding environmental issues
Poor & minority communities are more likely to Live near pollution Host waste facilities Have dangerous jobs Lack political/financial power
What are some key points about the case study from Emelle, Alabama Largest hazardous waste landfill in the U.S. Located in Sumter County ~75% Black population One of Alabama’s poorest counties Above the Eutaw Aquifer Carcinogenic waste found in soil and water
What is an independent variable what the scientist changes
What is a dependent Variable what the scientist measures
What is the control variable what stays the same
What does the control variable ensure ? it ensures valid results
Empirical Evidence real & observable
Reproducibility same test = same result
Replication many trials & large sample sizes
Correlation does not equal ______ causation
Hypothesis educated guess (before testing)
Theory well-tested, widely accepted explanation
System Network of interacting parts
A change in one part of a system will affect the ____ whole system
Environment complex system with many subsystems
Human fixes can create _____ in an environment or system new problems
What is an example of a human fix to an environment that created new problems cats introduced to stop the rats from eating the birds and bird eggs. the cats ate the rats but also ate birds too
What are Earth’s 4 Major Systems Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere
Lithosphere Earth’s crust
Atmosphere air
Hydrosphere water
Biosphere living things
Positive Feedback loop effect increases over time
Negative Feedback Loop effect decreases → stability
Stability homeostasis
Renewable cycles faster
Nonrenewable cycles slower
What are four Key Biogeochemical Cycles Hydrologic (Water) Carbon Nitrogen Phosphorus
Why do Biogeochemical Cycles matter? Move essential materials through Earth systems ; Affect resource availability
Evaporation water heats & rises
Transpiration water released by plants
Precipitation water falls to Earth
Runoff water flows over land
Infiltration water enters groundwater
Created by: Orrin_Douglas
 

 



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