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Major Organelles/Str

Major Organelles and Major Structures

TermDefinition
Mitochondria Structure: Smooth outer membrane; folded inner membrane. Function: Energy production (ATP). Location: Cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Nucleus Structure: Membrane-bound with nuclear envelope. Function: Controls cell activities; protects DNA. Location: Center of animal cells; side of plant cells.
Chloroplast Structure: Multiple membranes including thylakoids. Function: Photosynthesis. Location: Cytoplasm of plant/algae cells.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Structure: Tubular network. Function: Lipid synthesis. Location: Cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Structure: Ribosome-studded sacs. Function: Protein synthesis and transport. Location: Cytoplasm, near nucleus.
Golgi Apparatus Structure: Flattened sacs. Function: Modifies and packages proteins. Location: Near ER and nucleus.
Ribosome Structure: Two subunits. Function: Protein synthesis. Location: Cytoplasm or RER.
Lysosomes Structure: Enzyme-filled sacs. Function: Digestion of cellular debris. Location: Near Golgi apparatus.
Vacuole Structure: Membrane-bound sac. Function: Storage and waste disposal. Location: Cytoplasm.
Vesicle Structure: Membrane sphere. Function: Transport materials. Location: Throughout the cell.
Cytoplasm Structure: Gel-like fluid. Function: Site for metabolic reactions. Location: Inside cell membrane.
Cell (plasma) Membrane Structure: Phospholipid bilayer. Function: Barrier and regulation. Location: Outer layer of cell.
Cell Wall Structure: Composed of cellulose or chitin. Function: Structural support. Location: Outside cell membrane (plants, fungi).
Peroxisome Structure: Enzyme-filled, single membrane. Function: Oxidative reactions. Location: Cytoplasm near mitochondria.
Centriole Structure: Microtubule-based barrel. Function: Cell division organization. Location: Cytoplasm, part of Ano centrosome
Created by: user-2016032
 

 



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