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7.3

Observation and Discovery

TermDefinition
acidemia (AS-ih-DEE-mee-ah) abnormal acidity of the blood
alkalemia (AL-kah-LEE-mee-ah) abnormal alkalinity (opposite of acidity) of the blood Alkali is a strong base and its opposite of an acid.
calcuria (KAL-sih-YOO-ree-ah) calcium in the urine
chloremia (KLOH-ree-mee-ah) increased chloride in the blood
euglycemia (YOO-glai-SEE-mee-ah) good blood sugar
glucosuria (GLOO-koh-SOO-ree-ah) sugar in the urine
hypercalcemia (HAI-per-kal-SEE-mee-ah) excessive calcium in the blood
hypercholesterolemia (HAI-per-koh-LES-ter-awl-EE-mee-ah) excessive cholesterol in the blood
hyperglycemia (HAI-per-glai-SEE-mee-ah) high blood sugar
hyperkalemia (HAI-per-kah-LEE-mee-ah) excessive potassium in the blood
hyperlipidemia (HAI-per-LIP-ih-DEE-mee-ah) excessive fat in the blood
hypernatremia (HAI-per-nah-TREE-mee-ah) excessive sodium in the blood
hyperphosphatemia (HAI-per-FAWS-fay-TEE-mee-ah) excessive phosphate in the blood
hypoglycemia (HAI-poh-glai-SEE-mee-ah) low blood sugar
ketonuria (KEET-oh-NUR-ee-ah) ketone bodies in the urine
polyuria (PAWL-ee-YUR-ee-ah) excessive urination
uremia (yoo-REE-mee-ah) presence of urinary waste in the blood
adrenaline (ah-DREN-ah-lin)* hormone secreted by the adrenal gland *interchangeable with epinephrine
epinephrine (EP-ih-NEF-rin)* hormone secreted by the adrenal gland *interchangeable with adrenaline
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (ah-DREH-noh-KOR-tih-koh-TROH-pik HOR-mohn) hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland
corticotropin (KOR-tih-koh-TROH-pin) shorter name for adrenocorticotropic hormone
glucagon (GLOO-kah-gawn) hormone secreted by the panceas that stimulates the liver to increase blood sugar levels
glucocorticoid (GLOO-koh-KORT-ih-koyd) hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism
gonadotropin (goh-NAD-oh-TROH-pin) hormone that stimulates the gonads
Insulin (IN-suh-lin) hormone secreted by the pancreas that controls the metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats
thyrotropin (THAI-roh-TROH-pin) hormone that stimulates the thyroid
adenomegaly (AD-en-oh-MEG-ah-lee) abnormal enlargement of a gland
adrenomegaly (ad-DREN-oh-MEG-ah-lee) abnormal enlargement of the adrenal gland
euthyroid (YOO-thai-royd) normal functioning thyroid
gluconeogenesis (GLOO-koh-NEE-oh-JIN-eh-sis) formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources
glycolysis (glai-KAWL-ih-sis) breakdown of sugar (This is done in cells in order to release energy
glycopenia (GLAI-koh-PEE-nee-ah) deficiency of sugar
gonadogenesis (goh-NAD-oh-JIN-eh-sis) creation/development of gonads
metabolism (meh-TAB-oh-LIZM) breakdown of matter into energy (the root bol is teh source of the english word ball (over/throw/condition)
endocrine (EN-doh-krin) to secrete internally (i.e., into the bloodstream)
endocrinologist (EN-doh-krih-NAWL-oh-jist) specialist in internal secretions
exocrine (EKS-oh-krin) to secrete extrenally (through ducts to the surface of an organ, i.e., sweat glands and salivary glands)
glycemic index (glai-SEE-mik In-deks) ranking of food based on the way it affects sugar levels in the blood
ketogenesis (KEET-oh-JIN-eh-sis) creation of ketone bodies
thyroid function tests (THAI-roid FUNK-shun TESTS) tests performed to evaluate the function of the thyroid
cholangiopancreatography (koh-LAN-jee-oh-PANG-kree-ah-TAWG-rah-fee) procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (EN-doh-SKAWP-ik REH-troh-GRAYD koh-LAN-jee-oh-PANG-kree-ah-TAWG-rah-fee) procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas in which an endoscope is passed backward from the digestive tract into the bile duct
 

 



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