Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
A&P 1
(3) Brain vid 1 + 2: 4.1-4.7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the 3 divisions of the brain | forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain |
| what do the midbrain and hindbrain form togehther | parts of brain stem (pons, medulla oblongata) and cerebellum |
| what are the most primitive portions of the brain | midbrain and hindbrain |
| what do the midbrain and hindbrain contain | basic neural machinery for survival that is regulated automatically (control heartbeat, blood vessels, respiration) |
| what does the midbrain and hindbrain help regulate | muscles for movement, balance, posture |
| what will the posterior part of forebrain develop into | the diencephalon |
| what is the diencephalon concerned with and what does it develop into | concerned with emotions and memories, develops into thalamus and hypothalamus |
| what does the anterior part of forebrain develop into | the telencephalon |
| what will the telencephalon become | the two cerebral hemispheres (cerebrum) |
| what is located on the cerebral hemispheres surface (cortex) | primary sensory and motor regions |
| true or false: the cerebrum is where advances centers for thinking are located (neocortex) | true |
| true or false: the cerebrum is the most recently evolved area of the brain | true |
| what does the cerebrum consist of | 2 cerebral hemispheres, separated by longitudinal fissure |
| what are the regions each hemisphere is subdivided into | frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal lobes |
| what are fissures | deep grooves |
| what are the 2 fissures, and where are they located | longitudinal fissure: separates the two hemispheres transverse fissure: separates hemispheres from the cerebellum |
| what are sulci | shallow grooves |
| what are the 3 sulci and where are they located | lateral sulcus: separates temporal lobe from rest of brain central sulcus: separates frontal lobe from parietal lobes parietal-occipital sulcus: separates parietal lobe from occipital lobe |
| what are gyri | ridges on each side of a sulcus or fissure (precentral and post central gyrus) |
| true or false: the surface layer of each hemisphere is known as the corexx | true |
| true or false: the inner area of each hemisphere is known as the medulla | true |
| what is the cerebral cortex | 2 mm thick outer layer of cerebral hemispheres |
| what does the cerebral cortex consist of | gray matter (dendrites and cell bodies of neurons) |
| what are the functional areas of the cerebral cortex | prefrontal cortex, primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, frontal eye field, Broca's area |
| what is the prefrontal cortex (anterior association area) | site of higher intellectual processes (reasoning, planning, memory, deliberation = personality) |
| true or false: the prefrontal cortex is the last area of brain to fully develop | true (early 20s) |
| what does damage to the prefrontal cortex result in | personality reversals |
| what is the primary motor cortex and where is it located | spatially represents and controls voluntary skeletal muscles on contralateral side of body, located on precentral gyrus |
| true or false: the primary motor cortex has conscious control resulting in precise and skilled movement | true |
| what does damage to the primary motor cortex result in | muscle weakness or paralysis, but reflexes are still present |
| what is the premotor cortex | programs semi-voluntary motor activities |
| what does the premotor cortex initiate impulse for | posture and learned movements (stores motor programming) |
| what does the frontal eye field initiate impulses for | coordination of eye muscles |
| true or false: the frontal eye field inhibits and modifies impulses from primary motor cortex | true |
| Broca's area is most highly developed on which side of the brain | left |
| Broca's area programs muscles involved in | communication (speech, writing, signing) |
| where is Broca's area located | anterior to the primary motor cortex |
| true or false: Broca's area sends impulses to primary motor cortex to help communicate | true |
| what does damage to Broca's area result in | motor aphasia (inability to communicate) |
| what are the functional areas of the temporal lobe | primary auditory cortex, auditory association area, Wernicke's area, olfactory cortex |
| what is the primary auditory cortex and where is it located | where impulses generated in ears terminate, and generation of sound occurs. located at base of post central gyrus (both hemispheres) and surrounded by auditory association area |
| what does the auditory association area do | interprets and identifies the sounds (identifies what made sound) |
| where is Wernicke's area located | posterior to the auditory cortex, best developed on left side of brain |
| what are the 3 primary functions of Wernicke's area | 1. responsible for comprehension of written/spoken word 2. puts speech into pattern of impulses that is sent to Broca's area to be verbalized 3. connected to primary visual cortex via the angular gyrus so we can "hear what we see and see what we hear" |
| what happens if Wernicke's area is damaged | speech, writing, reading impaired: fluent aphasia: word salad agraphia: inability to write with content alexia: inability to read with comprehension |
| what is the olfactory cortex and where is it located | where impulses representing smell terminate, located on medial surface of temporal lobe |
| what are the functional areas of the parietal lobe | primary somatosensory cortex, somatosensory association area, primary gustatory cortex, angular gyrus |
| what is the primary somatosensory cortex | receives impulses representing general senses from contralateral side of body and interprets them to generate sensation |
| true or false: the primary somatosensory cortex is spatially represented | true |
| what is the role of postcentral gyrus in perception | area locates source of sensation, determines specific kind of sensation and intensity of it, makes you think you felt something from source of impulse |
| what is the somatosensory association area and where is it located | interprets what your feeling to help identify something by how it feels (can identify key in pocket without seeing it), located posterior to primary somatosensory cortex |
| what is the primary gustatory cortex and where is it located | where impulses representing taste terminate, located at base of insula deep to the temporal lobe |
| what is angular gyrus and where is it located | transforms visual patterns of impulses into auditory patterns and the reverse, connects Wernicke's area with primary visual cortex |
| what are the functional areas of the occipital lobe | primary visual cortex, visual association area |
| what is the primary visual cortex | where impulses generated by the retina terminate, and where visual image is created |
| what does damage to the occipital lobe result in | some degree of blindness |
| what is the visual association area | where recognition and interpretation of visual stimuli occur, where movement/color/shape are processed, stores visual memories |
| what are association areas | surround each primary sensory cortex and interpret sensory data |
| what is the posterior association area | receives input from all of the sensory association areas to generate a single "thought", which gets sent to the prefrontal area where decisions are made |
| what is posterior association area important for | spatial awareness of ones body |
Created by:
katiew0