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chapter 19
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Concept of "Empire" | powers that depended variously on military conquest, colonization, occupation, or direct resource exploitation—but empires can take many forms and imperial processes can occur in many contexts. |
| American Intervention in China | American troops joined multinational force that intervened to prevent the closing of trade by putting down Boxer Rebellion, movement opposed to foreign businesses and missionaries operating in China. McKinley sent in these troops without congress approval |
| American Interventions in Mexico | American capitalists -> lots $ in Mexico during 19th and 20th centuries, during reign of corrupt regime prez. Diaz. Ppl w investments -> gov help. Wilson invaded, took port city of Veracruz |
| American Missionaries | Worked alongside business interests in Hawaii, for instance, obtained large tracts of land and started lucrative sugar plantations. They were sent to spread Christianity abroad. |
| The U.S.S. Maine | U.S. Battleship sent to protect the U.S. citizens. February 15, a titanic explosion tore open the ship. When urgent negotiations failed to produce a mutually agreeable settlement, Congress officially declared war on April 25. |
| Yellow Journalists | Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to attract readers (their influence on public opinion during the Spanish-American War) |
| The Spanish-American War | War between Spain and the US fought in 1898; the war began as an intervention by the US on behalf of Cuba, the U.S. supported Cuba in their fight to independence. |
| The Philippine-American War | armed conflict between the Philippines and the United States from 1899-1902. The Philippines declared war on the US and it became a savage conflict with guerilla warfare. |
| Anti-imperialsim | The belief that the U.S. should not expand its territory overseas and that the U.S. should just be a normal country and leave the other countries alone (felt imperialism threatened the nation's democratic foundations) |
| Theodore Roosevelt | 26th president, known for: conservationism, trust-busting, Hepburn Act, safe food regulations, "Square Deal," Panama Canal, Great White Fleet, Nobel Peace Prize for negotiation of peace in Russo-Japanese War |
| "The Big Stick," "The Roosevelt Corollary," and Theodore Roosevelt's Foreign Policy | Diplomatic policy developed by Roosevelt, symbolizes power and readiness to use military force if needed. Roosevelt's extension of the Monroe Doctrine -> "the US has right to protect economic interests in Latin America by using military force |
| American interventions in Latin America | The US wanted to make sure their businesses in Latin America were safe. Sometimes sending soldiers to ensure Latin American governments were maintaining American interests. |
| The Panama Canal | A canal cut into the isthmus of Colombia to facilitate the shipments of goods between the Atlantic and the Pacific |
| Women and Imperialism | In addition to working as representatives of American business, women could serve as missionaries, teachers, and medical professionals, and as artists and writers they were inspired by and helped transmit ideas about imperialism. |
| "Civilization" | Refers to the Western notion of societal progress, development, and cultural superiority, often used to justify imperialist expansion and the spread of Western values |
| Sources of Immigration | New groups such as Italians, Poles, and Eastern European Jews made up a large percentage of arrivals while Irish and German numbers began to dwindle |
| Anti-Immigrant Sentiment | Opposition that is concerned with lower wages, higher competition for jobs and fears of the importation of foreign ideas (like communism), often based in racial and anti-religious prejudices |
| The Chinese Exclusion Act | Denied any additional Chinese laborers to enter the country, made exceptions for students and merchants (first significant law restricting immigration into the United States) |
| Catholicism and American culture | Refers to the role of Catholicism in shaping American society and culture, including debates over religious freedom, education, and morality |
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