Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
CNS
quiz time
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Forebrain | Telencephalon and diencephalon |
| Telencephalon | limbic system and basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala. end brain; Makes up 77% of brain mass |
| Cerebral cortex | made up of glia, cell bodies, dendrites, and axons, has grey appearance because it is mostly gray matter/cell bodies |
| Glia | supportive and nourishing cells |
| Primary motor cortex | in front of central sulcus, most of motor functions controlled here |
| Primary visual cortex | located in back of brain in occipital lobe, fibers from retinas |
| Primary auditory cortex | sides of brain above lateral fissure, temporal lobe |
| Primary somatosensory cortex | posterior to central sulcus, includes all senses except smell |
| Prefrontal cortex | Change the answer side of the card in the in frontal lobe, formulates plans and strategies, contains mirror neurons |
| Limbic system | Regulation of emotion, motivation, also learning and memory, includes cingulate cortex, hippocampus (seahorse), amygdala (almond), adjacent to lateral ventricle in temporal lobes, connected to other regions by fornix |
| Cingulate cortex | pain processing, emotion, cognition |
| Hippocampus | memories and spatial navigation |
| Amygdala | emotional responses, especially fear |
| Basal ganglia | collection of nuclei (neurons) beneath anterior portions of lateral ventricles, contains caudate nucleus, putamen, and globus pallidus, motor control (suppression of types of motor function that would destroy purposeful movement) |
| nuclei or tracts | Name for groups of nerve cells in CNS |
| ganglia | Name of groups of nerve cells in PNS |
| Caudate nucleus | planning the execution of movement, learning, memory, reward processing, emotional regulation |
| Putamen | motor functions, learning, cognitive processes |
| Globus pallidus | voluntary movement, motivation, cognition |
| corpus callosum | connects brain hemispheres |
| Diencephalon | thalamus and hypothalamus |
| Thalamus | 2 lobes connected by massa intermedia, relays sensory and motor signals to cerebral cortex, controls general excitability of cerebral cortex |
| Hypothalamus | under the thalamus, size of a pea, control autonomic nervous system and endocrine system, organizes behavior related to survival (4 F's: feed, flight, fight, breed) |
| Anterior Pituitary gland | at base of hypothalamus connected via pituitary stalk, secretes hormones |
| Posterior pituitary gland | secretes oxytocin and vasopressin |
| MIDBRAIN | mesencephalon |
| Mesencephalon | upper part of brain stem, contains tectum and tegmentum |
| Tectum | roof, protrusions on surface of brain stem, part of auditory system and controls visual reflexes |
| Tegmentum | covering, reticular formation, arousal and attention |
| HINDBRAIN | metencephalon and myelencephalon |
| Metencephalon | pons and cerebellum; afterbrain |
| Pons | bridge between mesencephalon and medulla, refines muscular activity, communication between cerebellum and cerebrum |
| Cerebellum | covered by cerebellar cortex, coordinates motor movements, learning |
| Myelencephalon | contains medulla, bottom part of brain stem; marrow brain |
| Medulla | contains part of reticular formation which have nuclei that control functions, includes heart rate, respiration, swallowing, vomiting, sneezing, coughing, etc. |
| SPINAL CORD | distributes information to effector organs and collects somatosensory information, 31 spinal nerves total, gray matter on inside, white matter on outside (opposite of the brain) |
| White matter | ascending and descending bundles of myelinated axons |
| Gray matter | short axons, no myelin |
| Dura mater | thick and tough outermost membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord |
| Arachnoid membrane | soft and spongy, named for spider-like trabeculae |
| Pia mater | attached to brain and spinal cord, contains small surface blood vessels PNS- Covered by dura and pia mater—fused to form sheath |
| lateral ventricles | two largest, C-shaped, fluid-filled cavities located within each cerebral hemisphere of the brain, containing cerebrospinal fluid |
| Third ventricle | divides brain into equal halves, massa intermedia crosses the middle |
| cerebral aqueduct | fluid-filled canal that runs through the midbrain connecting the third and fourth ventricles |
| fourth ventricle | protecting the brain, containing, and distributing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). By cerebellum |
| choroid plexus | a network of blood vessels in each ventricle of the brain. It is derived from the pia mater and produces the cerebrospinal fluid |
| Obstructive hydrocephalus | a physical blockage stops cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from flowing between brain ventricles, increasing intracranial pressure. |
| sulci | small grooves |
| fissures | large grooves |
| gyri | bulges between |
| mammillary bodies | a pair of small, round, nuclei located on the inferior surface of hypothalamus thats primarily functioning as a relay station for memory consolidation |
| fornix | a C-shaped bundle of white matter nerve fibers in the brain that acts as the primary output (efferent) and input (afferent) tract of the hippocampus |
| Periaqueductal gray matter | fighting and mating |
| trigeminal nerve | 5th cranial nerve, providing sensory input to the face and mouth and motor control for chewing muscles |
| vagus nerve | 1oth never: body's longest cranial nerve, acting as a major communication pathway between the brain and organs |
Created by:
user-2021572