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PTCB-Medications

50 questions about MOA, B/G, & contradications

QuestionAnswer
1. Which of the following is an example of an antihypertensive drug? a. Lisinopril b. Ibuprofen c. Diazepam d. Metformin 1. a. Lisinopril Explanation: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor, a class of antihypertensives used to manage high blood pressure.
2. Drugs classified as analgesics are primarily used to: a. Lower cholesterol levels b. Relieve pain c. Prevent infections d. Manage diabetes 2. b. Relieve pain Explanation: Analgesics like opioids and NSAIDs are primarily used for pain relief.
3. Beta-blockers primarily affect which of the following? a. Kidney function b. Heart rate c. Blood sugar levels d. Digestive enzymes 3. b. Heart rate Explanation: Beta-blockers slow the heart rate by blocking the effects of adrenaline on beta receptors.
4. Which therapeutic class includes medications used to treat depression? a. Antihistamines b. Proton pump inhibitors c. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors d. Anticholinergics 4. c. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Explanation: SSRIs like fluoxetine are commonly prescribed for depression.
5. A common pharmacologic classification for drugs treating asthma is: a. Beta-adrenergic blockers b. Beta-agonists c. Statins d. Calcium channel blockers 5. b. Beta-agonists Explanation: Beta-agonists, such as albuterol, stimulate beta receptors to relax bronchial muscles, relieving asthma symptoms.
6. What is the mechanism of action of statins? a. Blocking calcium channels b. Inhibiting cholesterol synthesis enzymes c. Binding to serotonin receptors d. Reducing histamine production 6. b. Inhibiting cholesterol synthesis enzymes Explanation: Statins block the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, reducing cholesterol production in the liver.
7. Antihistamines work by: a. Blocking histamine receptors b. Preventing the release of histamine c. Destroying allergens d. Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis 7. a. Blocking histamine receptors Explanation: Antihistamines prevent histamine from binding to its receptors, alleviating allergic symptoms.
8. Drugs like propranolol reduce blood pressure by: a. Relaxing blood vessels b. Blocking beta-adrenergic receptors c. Increasing sodium excretion d. Stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system 8. b. Blocking beta-adrenergic receptors Explanation: Beta-blockers like propranolol block beta receptors, reducing heart rate and blood pressure.
9. Which of the following is an example of a receptor-binding drug? a. Albuterol b. Aspirin c. Metformin d. Furosemide 9. a. Albuterol Explanation: Albuterol binds to beta-2 receptors in the lungs, relaxing bronchial muscles and improving airflow.
10. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) act by: a. Blocking serotonin uptake b. Reducing gastric acid production c. Enhancing insulin secretion d. Relaxing bronchial muscles 10. b. Reducing gastric acid production Explanation: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) like pantoprazole inhibit gastric proton pumps, decreasing stomach acid secretion.
11. Which side effect is most commonly associated with NSAIDs? a. Drowsiness b. Gastrointestinal bleeding c. Dry mouth d. Weight loss 11. b. Gastrointestinal bleeding Explanation: NSAIDs like ibuprofen can irritate the stomach lining, leading to bleeding or ulcers.
12. A contraindication for prescribing statins is: a. Chronic kidney disease b. Pregnancy c. High blood pressure d. Type 2 diabetes 12. b. Pregnancy Explanation: Statins are contraindicated in pregnancy because they can harm fetal development.
13. Drowsiness is a common side effect of which drug class? a. Antihistamines b. Statins c. ACE inhibitors d. Beta-agonists 13. a. Antihistamines Explanation: Antihistamines like diphenhydramine commonly cause drowsiness as a side effect.
14. A patient with a history of ulcers should avoid: a. Antihypertensives b. NSAIDs c. SSRIs d. Beta-blockers 14. b. NSAIDs Explanation: NSAIDs are contraindicated in patients with a history of ulcers due to their potential to cause gastrointestinal bleeding.
15. Which of the following is an absolute contraindication for using isotretinoin? a. Hypertension b. Pregnancy c. Asthma d. Diabetes 15. b. Pregnancy Explanation: Isotretinoin is contraindicated in pregnancy because of its high risk of causing birth defects.
16. The generic name for Advil is: a. Acetaminophen b. Ibuprofen c. Aspirin d. Naproxen 16. b. Ibuprofen Explanation: Advil is a brand name for ibuprofen, a common over-the-counter pain reliever.
17. Zestril is a brand name for: a. Lisinopril b. Losartan c. Furosemide d. Atorvastatin 17. a. Lisinopril Explanation: Zestril is a brand name for lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure.
18. What is the generic equivalent of Prozac? a. Sertraline b. Fluoxetine c. Paroxetine d. Citalopram 18. b. Fluoxetine Explanation: Prozac is a brand name for fluoxetine, an SSRI used to treat depression.
19. Tylenol is a brand name for: a. Ibuprofen b. Naproxen c. Acetaminophen d. Aspirin 19. c. Acetaminophen Explanation: Tylenol is the brand name for acetaminophen, a widely used analgesic and antipyretic.
20. Amlodipine is the generic form of which brand-name drug? a. Norvasc b. Lipitor c. Plavix d. Coreg 20. a. Norvasc Explanation: Norvasc is a brand name for amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker used to manage hypertension.
21. Which drug classification is used to treat infections? a. Antihypertensives b. Antidepressants c. Antibiotics d. Analgesics 21. c. Antibiotics Explanation: Antibiotics like amoxicillin are used to treat bacterial infections.
22. A drug that inhibits serotonin reuptake is classified as: a. A proton pump inhibitor b. An SSRI c. A beta-blocker d. An antihistamine 22. b. An SSRI Explanation: SSRIs, such as fluoxetine, prevent the reuptake of serotonin, increasing its availability in the brain.
23. Calcium channel blockers are most commonly used for: a. Managing diabetes b. Lowering blood pressure c. Reducing cholesterol d. Treating anxiety 23. b. Lowering blood pressure Explanation: Calcium channel blockers reduce blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels and decreasing heart workload.
24. Which side effect is most associated with opioids? a. Insomnia b. Constipation c. Weight loss d. Hypertension 24. b. Constipation Explanation: Opioids like morphine often slow gastrointestinal motility, leading to constipation.
25. Metoprolol is used to: a. Treat bacterial infections b. Manage hypertension c. Alleviate pain d. Control blood sugar levels 25. b. Manage hypertension Explanation: Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, is commonly prescribed for high blood pressure.
26. Which of the following drug classes is used to lower cholesterol? a. ACE inhibitors b. Statins c. SSRIs d. Antihistamines 26. b. Statins Explanation: Statins, such as atorvastatin, are the primary class of drugs used to lower cholesterol levels.
27. Drugs like albuterol, used to treat asthma, belong to which pharmacologic class? a. Beta-agonists b. Calcium channel blockers c. Proton pump inhibitors d. NSAIDs 27. a. Beta-agonists Explanation: Beta-agonists like albuterol relax bronchial smooth muscles, treating asthma symptoms.
28. Which drug class includes medications such as omeprazole and esomeprazole? a. Antihistamines b. Proton pump inhibitors c. Antidepressants d. Beta-blockers 28. b. Proton pump inhibitors Explanation: PPIs, such as omeprazole, reduce acid production in the stomach to manage GERD and ulcers.
29. What class of drugs is commonly used to prevent blood clots? a. Antiplatelets b. Analgesics c. Antipyretics d. Antiemetics 29. a. Antiplatelets Explanation: Drugs like clopidogrel prevent platelet aggregation, reducing the risk of blood clots.
30. Medications used to treat allergies often fall under which therapeutic classification? a. Antidepressants b. Antihistamines c. Anticoagulants d. Antihypertensives 30. b. Antihistamines Explanation: Antihistamines are used to relieve symptoms caused by allergic reactions, such as itching and runny nose.
31. How do ACE inhibitors like lisinopril reduce blood pressure? a. Blocking beta receptors b. Preventing angiotensin II production c. Increasing sodium excretion d. Dilating bronchial muscles
32. Which of the following drugs works by reducing the production of gastric acid? a. Furosemide b. Metformin c. Pantoprazole d. Amlodipine
33. SSRIs alleviate symptoms of depression by: a. Blocking serotonin breakdown enzymes b. Preventing serotonin reuptake in the brain c. Increasing dopamine activity d. Enhancing GABA levels
34. What is the mechanism of action for calcium channel blockers like amlodipine? a. Increasing calcium absorption b. Inhibiting calcium entry into cardiac and vascular cells c. Blocking adrenergic receptors d. Enhancing potassium efflux
35. How do NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen, reduce inflammation? a. Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis b. Blocking histamine receptors c. Increasing serotonin levels d. Dilating blood vessels
36. What is a common side effect of diuretics such as furosemide? a. Hyperkalemia b. Hypokalemia c. Increased heart rate d. Drowsiness
37. Which drug class is commonly associated with dry mouth? a. Antihistamines b. Proton pump inhibitors c. SSRIs d. Diuretics 37. c. SSRIs
38. A contraindication for prescribing NSAIDs is: a. High cholesterol b. History of gastrointestinal ulcers c. Hypotension d. Seasonal allergies 38. b. History of gastrointestinal ulcers
39. Which of the following is a common side effect of statins? a. Muscle pain b. Cough c. Sedation d. Constipation 39. a. Muscle pain
40. Which patient condition would contraindicate the use of beta-blockers? a. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) b. Depression c. Diabetes d. Kidney disease 40. a. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
41. The brand name for atorvastatin is: a. Lipitor b. Zocor c. Crestor d. Norvasc 41. a. Lipitor
42. Which of the following is a brand name for metformin? a. Glucophage b. Januvia c. Actos d. Lantus a. Glucophage
43. Nexium is a brand name for: a. Esomeprazole b. Omeprazole c. Lansoprazole d. Pantoprazole 43. a. Esomeprazole magnesium.
44. What is the generic name for Coreg? a. Losartan b. Carvedilol c. Amlodipine d. Enalapril
45. Advair contains which two active ingredients? a. Fluticasone and salmeterol b. Albuterol and ipratropium c. Budesonide and formoterol d. Montelukast and theophylline
46. A patient complains of muscle pain after starting a cholesterol-lowering medication. Which drug is most likely responsible? a. Losartan b. Atorvastatin c. Metformin d. Furosemide 46. b. Atorvastatin Explanation: Muscle pain is a common side effect of statins due to their effect on muscle metabolism.
47. A patient allergic to penicillin needs an antibiotic for a respiratory infection. Which medication might be prescribed instead? a. Amoxicillin b. Azithromycin c. Ciprofloxacin d. Dicloxacillin 47. b. Azithromycin Explanation: Azithromycin is often used as an alternative for patients allergic to penicillin.
48. A patient reports persistent nausea while taking metformin. Why? a. Stop taking the medication immediately. b. Switch to insulin therapy. c. Take the medication with food to reduce nausea. d. Increase the dose gradually to build tolerance. 48. c. Take the medication with food to reduce nausea Explanation: Taking metformin with food can minimize gastrointestinal side effects like nausea.
49. Why is it important to monitor potassium? a. Lisinopril can cause potassium depletion. b. Lisinopril may lead to hyperkalemia. c. Potassium supplementation is always required with lisinopril. d. Potassium levels do not interact with lisinopril. 49. b. Lisinopril may lead to hyperkalemia Explanation: Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can increase potassium levels, requiring careful monitoring.
50. A patient receiving a proton pump inhibitor reports severe diarrhea. What is the most likely concern? a. Drug allergy b. Clostridium difficile infection c. Electrolyte imbalance d. Liver toxicity 50. b. Clostridium difficile infection Explanation: Severe diarrhea with PPIs may indicate a Clostridium difficile infection, a potential side effect.
Created by: user-2001930
 

 



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